Weissella cibaria

BACKGROUND: Halitosis is defined as a foul odour emitted from the oral cavity. Many interventions have been used to control halitosis from mouthwashes to chewing gums. Probiotics have been reported as an alternative method to alleviate halitosis. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotics on halitosis from a time perspective. DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a meta-analysis study performed in indexed databases up to February 2021. Randomised controlled trials that compared the effects of probiotics and placebo on primary outcomes (organoleptic (OLP) scores and volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels) and secondary outcomes (tongue coating scores (TCS) and plaque index (PI)) were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. Publication bias and leave-one-out analyses were performed. RESULTS: The standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI were calculated to synthesise data. The data were subgrouped and analysed in the short term (≤4 weeks) and long term (>4 weeks) based on the follow-up time. Seven articles were included in this meta-analysis. The primary outcomes, OLP scores (SMD=-0.58; 95% CI -0.87 to -0.30, p<0.0001) and VSC levels (SMD=-0.26; 95% CI -0.51 to -0.01, p=0.04), both decreased significantly in the probiotics group compared with the placebo group in the short term. However, a significant reduction was observed only in OLP scores (SMD=-0.45; 95% CI -0.85 to -0.04, p=0.03) in the long term. No significant differences were observed in secondary outcomes. There was no evidence of publication bias. The leave-one-out analysis confirmed that the pooled estimate was stable. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this work, it seems that probiotics (eg, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, Streptococcus salivarius and Weissella cibaria) may relieve halitosis in the short term (≤4 weeks). The results of the biased assessment, limited data and heterogeneity of the clinical trials included might reduce the reliability of the conclusions. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published

The oral cavity connects the external environment and the respiratory and digestive systems, and the oral microbial ecosystem is complex and plays a crucial role in overall health and immune defense against external threats. Recently, the potential use of probiotics for disease prevention and treatment has gained attention. This study aimed to assess the effect of Weissella cibaria CMS1 (W. cibaria CMS1) consumption on the oral microbiome and immune function in healthy individuals through a 12-week clinical trial. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial enrolled 90 healthy subjects. The consumption of W. cibaria CMS1 significantly increased salivary immunoglobulin A (p = 0.046) and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels (p = 0.008). Analysis of the oral microbiota revealed changes in beta diversity, increased abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria after 12 weeks of consuming W. cibaria CMS1. Significant increases in various strains, including Lactobacillales, Bacilli, Streptococcaceae, Streptococcus, and Firmicutes, were observed in the W. cibaria CMS1 group after 12 weeks of intake. Additionally, Fusobacteriia Fusobacteriales Fusobacteriaceae and Fusobacteriia Fusobacteriales Fusobacteriaceae Fusobacterium exhibited a positive correlation with TNF-α. These findings demonstrate the positive effect of W. cibaria CMS1 on the oral environment and immune function.

Altogether, 81% of Korean college students experience halitosis and concomitant psychosocial problems such as depression and lowered self-esteem, as well as poor oral-health-related quality of life. Although halitosis causes many social and psychological problems among college students, there have been no reports of improvement interventions. This study aimed to identify the effects of ingesting tablets of the oral probiotic Weissella cibaria CMU (Chonnam Medical University, Gwangju, Korea) on halitosis and examine its effects on psychosocial indicators. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group or the control group. They ingested W. cibaria CMU or the placebo, depending on which group they belonged to, before going to bed daily for eight weeks. The measured indicators were subjective halitosis, subjective oral-health status, depression, self-esteem, and oral-health-related quality of life. Measurements were at baseline and eight weeks later. The participants showed statistically significant differences in subjective halitosis and oral-health-related quality of life. For college students with halitosis, intake of the oral probiotic for eight weeks could be a useful nursing intervention for reducing halitosis and improving oral-health-related quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Weissella cibaria CMU (oraCMU) has been commercially available in the market for several years as oral care probiotics. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of oraCMU-containing tablets on periodontal health and oral microbiota. METHODS: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 92 adults without periodontitis (20-39 years of age). All subjects received dental scaling and root planing, and were randomly assigned to either probiotic or placebo groups. The tablets were administered once daily for 8 weeks. Periodontal clinical parameters included bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI). In addition, microbiota in the gingival sulcus were analysed. RESULTS: BOP improved more in the probiotic group over 8 weeks. There were statistically significant differences in BOP of the maxilla buccal and lingual sites between the groups during the intervention (P < 0.05). No significant inter-group differences in PD, GI, and PI were observed during the intervention. Oral bacteria were observed to be fewer in the probiotic group. There was a significant change in levels of Fusobacterium nucleatum at four and 8 weeks between the two groups. Besides, there were significant differences at 8 weeks in levels of Staphylococcus aureus. CONCLUSIONS: We reported an improvement in BOP and microbial environment and demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of oraCMU against F. nucleatum. Thus, its supplementation may contribute to overall oral health. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Ethical issues approved by the Kangwon National University Institutional Review Board with a number of KWNUIRB-2018-05-003-005 and CRIS code Number of KCT0005078 were retrospectively registered on 06/02/2020. This study was conducted in the period of July to November 2018.

Weissella cibaria appears to have broad-spectrum health benefits. Here, we report the genome sequence of Weissella cibaria strain BM2, which was isolated from homemade kimchi; it consists of one circular chromosome of 2,462,443 bp and one plasmid of 11,067 bp. A total of 2,337 coding sequences were predicted, including 2,117 protein-coding sequences and a G+C content of 45.06%.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis poses a significant clinical challenge, as conventional therapies are often ineffective or poorly tolerated owing to adverse effects or underlying health conditions, underscoring the need for alternative treatments. This study investigated the anti-osteoporotic effects of a novel probiotic mixture combining Limosilactobacillus reuteri MGE 3301 (LR) and Weissella cibaria MGE 3110 (WC), which were selected for their anti-inflammatory properties and ability to modulate bone metabolism, in an ovariectomized rat model. Thirty-five female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: Sham, Ovariectomy (OVX), OVX with LR supplementation (OVX/LR), OVX with WC (OVX/WC), and OVX with a combination of LR and WC (OVX/LR/WC), under ARRIVE guidelines and ethical approval. Each probiotic group received 1 × 10⁹ CFU/mL/day for 16 weeks starting at 5 weeks post-OVX. Micro-computed tomography and histopathological analyses revealed that the OVX/LR/WC group had superior trabecular bone preservation compared with that in the OVX control group, with significant improvements in bone mineral density (+ 54.2%), bone volume fraction (+ 24.8%), trabecular thickness (+ 13.6%), and trabecular number (+ 20%), along with decreased trabecular separation (- 8.1%; p < 0.05). RT-qPCR analysis of bone marrow demonstrated that LR/WC suppressed osteoclastogenic mediators (RANKL: -1.35-fold; TNF-α: -2.5-fold; IL-6: -1.9-fold) while elevating osteoprotective osteoprotegerin expression (+ 3.14-fold; p < 0.05). Serum analysis showed reduced CTX-I (- 38.9%) and elevated calcium (+ 30.8%) levels in OVX/LR/WC versus OVX rats (p < 0.05), indicating suppressed bone resorption and enhanced mineral homeostasis. These findings indicate that LR/WC probiotic supplementation attenuates OVX-induced bone loss by modulating bone turnover markers and inflammatory cytokines. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the combined effects of LR and WC in an osteoporosis animal model, highlighting its potential as an adjunctive therapeutic candidate for osteoporosis. However, few notable imitations include undefined human dosing and the unassessed long-term safety of probiotics.

AIMS: To test the in vitro probiotic potential and starter culture capacity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Naaqe and Cheka, cereal-based Ethiopian traditional fermented beverages. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 44 strains were isolated from spontaneously fermented Ethiopian cereal-based beverages, Naaqe and Cheka with 24 putatively identified as LAB and 14 identified up to the species level. The species Limosilactobacillus fermentum (6/12; 50%) and Weissella confusa (5/12, 41.67%) were the predominant species identified from Naaqe, while the two Cheka isolates were L. fermentum and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Six LAB strains inhibited eight of the nine gastrointestinal indicator key pathogens in Ethiopia, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica var. Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, and Listeria monocytogenes. Three of the LAB isolates exhibited strain-specific immunostimulation in human monocytes. Based on these probiotic properties and growth, six strains were selected for in situ evaluation in a mock fermentation of Naaqe and Cheka. During primary fermentations, L. fermentum 73B, P. pentosaceus 74D, L. fermentum 44B, W. confusa 44D, L. fermentum 82C, and Weissella cibaria 83E and their combinations demonstrated higher pH-lowering properties and colony-forming unit counts compared to the control spontaneous fermentation. The same pattern was also observed in the secondary mock fermentation by the Naaqe LAB isolates. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we selected six LAB strains with antipathogenic, immunostimulatory, and starter culture potentials that can be used as autochthonous probiotic starters for Naaqe and Cheka fermentations once their health benefit is ascertained in a clinical trial as a next step. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Applied Microbiology International.

The possibility of preventing dental caries by taking probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) CMU tablets to alter the pH of the dental plaque in the oral cavity was evaluated. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on adults aged 20 years or older with 20 or more natural teeth. Ninety-two people underwent dental scaling before being randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 49) or the control group (n = 43). Depending on the group they belonged to, W. cibaria CMU or the placebo was administered to them once daily for 8 weeks before bedtime. Twenty-four subjects were later excluded from the study because the week 8 dosing was not smoothly performed, for a final subject count of 68. The Cariview test was used to evaluate the amount of acid produced by the dental plaque to assess the risk of caries. The results showed that although there was no significant difference between the results of the two groups, the intake of the W. cibaria CMU tablets eliminated the risk of developing dental caries from acid production in the oral flora because the W. cibaria colonizes and lives in the dental plaque and the oral cavity and suppresses acids.

Halitosis is referred to as an unpleasant odor coming from the mouth. Recently, probiotics have been studied as an alternative prevention for halitosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria Chonnam Medical University (CMU)-containing tablets (1 × 108 colony forming units [CFU]/g) on oral malodor. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 92 healthy adults (20-39 years of age) with bad breath. All subjects were randomly assigned to a test (probiotic, n = 49) or control (placebo, n = 43) group after dental scaling and root planing. The tablets were taken once daily for 8 weeks. Measurements included an organoleptic test (OLT), volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), bad breath improvement (BBI) scores, and the oral colonization of W. cibaria CMU. This study also assessed safety variables of adverse reactions, vital signs, and the findings of hematology and blood chemistry. Most of the variables were measured at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks. Safety-related variables were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. At week 4, a significant decrease in OLT and VSC results was observed in the test group while BBI scores were significantly reduced at week 8 (P < .05). Statistically significant intergroup differences were observed for changes in W. cibaria number at weeks 4 and 8. No safety issues were encountered in either group. These results indicate that W. cibaria CMU tablets could be a safe and useful oral care product for controlling bad breath.

Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) is an important commercial marine flatfish. Its production may be affected by bacterial diseases that cause severe economical losses, mainly tenacibaculosis and vibriosis, provoked by Tenacibaculum maritimum and Vibrio splendidus, respectively. An alternative or complementary strategy to chemotherapy and vaccination for the control of these diseases is the use of probiotics. In this work, we report the in vitro and in vivo potential of eight lactic acid bacteria (LAB), previously isolated from fish, seafood and fish products intended for human consumption, as turbot probiotics. Seven out of the eight LAB exerted direct antimicrobial activity against, at least, four strains of T. maritimum and V. splendidus. All LAB survived in seawater at 18 °C for 7 days, and withstood exposure to pH 3.0 and 10% (v/v) turbot bile; however, they differed in cell surface hydrophobicity (8.2-21.7%) and in their ability to adhere to turbot skin (1.2-21.7%) and intestinal (0.7-2.1%) mucus. Most of the tested strains inhibited the binding of turbot pathogens to the mucus. Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris SMM69 and Weissella cibaria P71 were selected based on their strong antimicrobial activity against T. maritimum and V. splendidus, good probiotic properties, and different adhesion ability to skin mucus and capacity to inhibit the adhesion of turbot pathogens to mucus. These two LAB strains were harmless when administered by bath to turbot larvae and juveniles; moreover, real-time PCR on the transcription levels of the immunity-related genes encoding IL-1β, TNF-α, lysozyme, C3, MHC-Iα and MHC-IIα in five organs (head-kidney, spleen, liver, intestine and skin) revealed the ability of these LAB to stimulate their expression in turbot juveniles, especially the non-specific immunity associated genes in mucosal tissues. Based on our results, Lc. cremoris SMM69 and W. cibaria P71 may be considered as suitable probiotic candidates for turbot farming.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of increased dietary ZnO on the bacterial core and enterobacterial composition in the small intestine of piglets that were fed diets containing a total of 124 or 3,042 mg of Zn per kilogram of diet, respectively. Zinc was supplemented to the basal diet as ZnO. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes of ileal DNA extracts were PCR-amplified with 2 bar-coded primer sets and sequenced by 454 pyrosequencing. The bacterial core species were calculated from the relative abundances of reads present in 5 of 6 samples per group and at a minimum of 5 sequences per sample. The reference database SILVA was used to assign sequence reads at an alignment minimum of 200 bases and 100% identity. Lactic acid bacteria dominated the bacterial core, but showed diverse responses to dietary ZnO. Of the dominant Lactobacillus spp., Lactobacillus reuteri was reduced due to increased dietary ZnO (44.7 vs. 17.9%; P=0.042), but L. amylovorus was not influenced. However, the changes of relative abundances of other lactic acid bacteria were more noteworthy; Weissella cibaria (10.7 vs. 23.0%; P=0.006), W. confusa (10.0 vs. 22.4%; P=0.037), Leuconostoc citreum (6.5 vs. 14.8%; P=0.009), Streptococcus equinus (0.14 vs. 1.0%; P=0.044), and S. lutetiensis (0.01 vs. 0.11%; P=0.016) increased in relative abundance. Nonlactic acid bacteria that were influenced by increased dietary ZnO included the strict anaerobic species, Sarcina ventriculi, which showed a strong numerical decrease in relative abundance (14.6 vs. 5.1%). Species of the Enterobacteriaceae increased their relative abundance, as well as species diversity, in the high dietary ZnO experimental group. Bacterial diversity indices were increased due to increased dietary ZnO (P < 0.05), which was traced back to the increase of sequences from subdominant species. Increased dietary ZnO led to an increase of less prominent species and, thus, had a major impact on the bacterial composition and diversity in piglets. This effect may help to stabilize the intestinal microbiota in the sensitive postweaning period. © 2011 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved.

Several in vitro and in vivo studies have evaluated the effect of probiotics on oral health; however, human clinical studies are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of Weissella cibaria Chonnam Medical University (CMU)-containing tablets on halitosis. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study included 100 adults with halitosis (age, 20-70 years). The participants were randomly assigned to the test group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). One tablet [1 × 108 colony forming units (CFU)/tablet] was to be taken each day over 8 weeks. The concentrations of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), bad breath improvement scores, and oral colonization of W. cibaria were measured. Psychosocial indicators including depression, self-esteem, oral health-related quality of life, and subjective oral health status were evaluated. Most variables were assessed at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks, and W. cibaria number and safety variables were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Intergroup comparisons were carried out using Student's t-test, Chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test on per-protocol analysis. Intragroup differences before and after intake were analyzed using the linear mixed-effect model (LMM). Per-protocol analysis was carried out in the test group (n = 45) and control group (n = 46). Total VSC was significantly lower in the probiotics group than in the placebo group at baseline (week 0, p = 0.046) and at 8 weeks (p = 0.017). The sum of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan did not differ significantly between the groups at baseline; however, it was significantly lower in the probiotics group than in the placebo group at week 8 (p = 0.012). Bad breath improvement (BBI) scores were significantly reduced at week 8 (p = 0.006) in the probiotics group. Statistically significant intergroup differences were observed for changes in the level of W. cibaria at week 8 (p < 0.001). Psychological indicators significantly improved from baseline to week 8 in the probiotics group. No safety issues were observed in either group. The levels of W. cibaria was higher in patients with halitosis using W. cibaria CMU-containing tablets. The subjective deg

Freeze-dried cell-free extracts (CFE) from Lactobacillus casei LC01, Weissella cibaria 1XF5, Hafnia alvei Moller ATCC 51815, and Debaryomyces hansenii LCF-558 were used as sources of enzyme activities for conditioning the ripening of ewe milk cheese. Compared with control cheese (CC), CFE did not affect the gross composition and the growth of the main microbial groups of the cheeses. As shown through urea-PAGE electrophoresis of the pH 4.6-soluble nitrogen fraction and the analysis of free AA, the secondary proteolysis of the cheeses with CFE added was markedly differed from that of the CC. Compared with CC, several enzyme activities were higher in the water-soluble extracts from cheeses made with CFE. In agreement, the levels of 49 volatile compounds significantly differentiated CC from the cheeses made with CFE. The level of some alcohols, ketones, sulfur compounds, and furans were the lowest in the CC, whereas most aldehydes were the highest. Each CFE seemed to affect a specific class of chemical compounds (e.g., the CFE from H. alvei ATCC 51815 mainly influenced the synthesis of sulfur compounds). Apart from the microbial source used, the cheeses with the addition of CFE showed higher score for acceptability than the control cheese. Cheese ripening was accelerated or conditioned using CFE as sources of tailored enzyme activities.

INTRODUCTION: The intensive farming of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) often compromises fish health and increases disease susceptibility, driving interest in probiotic interventions as sustainable alternatives to antibiotics. However, the in vivo efficacy and mechanistic basis of Weissella cibaria strains in freshwater fish remain poorly understood. METHODS: A bacteriocin-producing strain, Weissella cibaria XN-2a, was isolated from fish viscera and supplemented in the diet of crucian carp at an initial viable dose of 2.74 × 1010 CFU/g feed (freshly prepared and replaced every 3 days) for 30 days, followed by a challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. Growth performance, immune parameters, intestinal histology, and gut metagenomic profiles were compared between the probiotic-fed group (XS) and the control group (XD). RESULTS: Probiotic supplementation significantly improved weight gain (28.17% vs. 13.98%), feed conversion ratio (1.88 ± 0.32 vs. 2.58 ± 0.27, p < 0.05), and post-challenge survival (50% vs. 0%) (p < 0.001). The XS group exhibited enhanced intestinal morphology (higher mucosal fold height and FH/IFD ratio, lower inter-fold distance), elevated IgM and SOD activities, and reduced post-challenge IL-6 and MDA levels. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the probiotic

A novel selenium-enriched fruit and vegetable juice (SFVJ) was produced through the co-fermentation of sea buckthorn, strawberry, and Chinese yam juices using Weissella cibaria DSE605 and Pediococcus acidilactici DSE72. Fermentation facilitated the conversion of inorganic selenium into organic forms, significantly decreasing selenite content, while enhancing antioxidant capacity, increasing organic acid levels, and generating 36 volatile compounds that contributed to improved flavor. In a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mouse model, SFVJ significantly improved immune organ indices, hematological profiles, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, and cytokine and immunoglobulin levels, and mitigated hepatic and colonic damage. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that SFVJ alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis, partially restoring the microbial community structure toward that observed in the normal control group. These results suggest that SFVJ has considerable potential as a functional beverage with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. © 2026 The Authors.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by follicular miniaturization mediated by androgens along with chronic inflammatory and vascular disturbances. These alterations suggest broader dysregulation involving endocrine pathways, immune activity, and vascular function. Current therapies such as finasteride and minoxidil provide limited and often transient improvement because they target only single components of this multifactorial process. In this study, we developed a living probiotic-based microneedle system that integrates nitric oxide-generating Weissella cibaria (WC) with clascoterone (Cla)-loaded polymeric nanoparticles to enable coordinated modulation of androgen signaling and local tissue repair. The dissolvable microneedles deliver viable WC and Cla directly into the dermis, where WC-derived nitric oxide enhances endothelial activation and promotes an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype, while Cla protects dermal papilla cells from dihydrotestosterone-induced suppression. In vitro, the platform mitigated androgen-related cytotoxicity, supported endothelial migration, and reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion. In a testosterone-induced mouse model, treatment accelerated entry into anagen, improved hair density, enhanced vascular regeneration, and attenuated perifollicular inflammation. These findings indicate that the combined probioti

BACKGROUND: Weissella cibaria, a lactic acid bacterium with recognized probiotic effects, has evoked considerable scientific attention due to its ability to produce exopolysaccharides (EPs) that improve the textural characteristics of fermented foods. Strategies involving genetic and metabolic engineering, along with improved fermentation conditions, offer promising ways to significantly boost exopolysaccharide (EP) yields and modify their functional traits. These flexible biopolymers are essential for stabilizing emulsions, reducing syneresis, and enhancing the mouthfeel of dairy and plant-based fermented foods. SCOPE AND APPROACH: In addition to textural benefits, W.cibaria EPs provide notable health advantages. They support gut health, serve as natural emulsifiers, and exhibit immune-boosting and antimicrobial properties. Various W.cibaria strains, including MG1, C43-11, and BAL3C-5, have been proven to possess

BACKGROUND: Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), a significant zoonotic pathogen, contributes to considerable economic losses worldwide by causing enteric disease in neonatal animals. The therapeutic efficacy of conventional antibiotics is increasingly undermined by the development of antimicrobial resistance and perturbations in ecological homeostasis. This study introduces a novel probiotic-based intervention, systematically assessing the therapeutic potential of the newly isolated Weissella strain LAB_Weis_Camel_L4 in a mouse model of E. coli-induced enteritis. Furthermore, it investigates the underlying mechanism through which this probiotic modulates intestinal homeostasis, focusing on the "microbiota-gut-immunity" pathway. METHODS: In this study, the Weissella strain LAB_Weis_Camel_L4 was systematically isolated and identified, followed by a comprehensive in vitro evaluation of its probiotic properties, including growth kinetics, acid production, and tolerance to acidic pH and bile salts. Genomic analyses were performed to assess safety at the molecular level. An enteritis mouse model induced by pathogenic E. coli was then established to evaluate the in vivo safety and therapeutic efficacy of LAB_Weis_Camel_L4 through histopathological exam

This study focused on developing novel probiotic formulations for rainbow trout aquaculture by testing two formulations containing bacterial strains isolated from the gut of rainbow trout. The effects on growth, immune response, liver enzyme activity, immunity-related gene expression, and gut microbiota composition were evaluated. A completely randomized design was used, involving 450 rainbow trout distributed into 70-l fiberglass tanks with six dietary treatments and three replicates per treatment (total of 18 tanks). Treatments A and B contained three strains of Pediococcus sp. P15, Lactococcus lactis ml3, and Weissella cibaria ml6 administered at two dosages (300 and 500 mg/kg). Treatments C and D included five strains of Pediococcus sp. P15, Lactococcus lactis ml3, Weissella cibaria ml6, Enterococcus faecium E10, and Lactobacillus curvatus 13 A also at 300 and 500 mg/kg. Treatment E was a commercial probiotic at 300 mg/kg, and treatment F served as the control without probiotics

BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis of intestinal microecology caused by sepsis plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI). As a postbiotic type, inactivated probiotic bacteria can regulate the gut microbiome. Pasteurized bacteria are considered safer than live bacteria in immune dysregulation disorders. Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) is considered a candidate probiotic with certain beneficial functions. However, whether inactivated W. cibaria can alleviate SALI and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether inactivated W. cibaria can regulate intestinal mucosal barrier function and gut microbiota, thereby improving SALI. METHODS: Following gavage of pasteurized W. cibaria in septic mice, lung tissue damage and inflammation levels were assessed. Circulating LPS levels and inflammatory cytokine concentrations in the blood were measured. Additionally, colonic tissue inflammation, intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, and alterations in the gut microbiota were evaluated. RESULT: Pasteurized W. cibaria increases survival rates in SALI mice and improves pathological damage and cell apoptosis in lung tissue. Pasteurized W. cibaria also reduces the lung inflammatory response in septic mice by lowering pro-infl

The objective of this investigation was to examine the impact of four lab-isolated probiotics Enterococcus faecium (OR563785.1), Weissella confusa (OR563786.1), Weissella cibaria (OQ543569.1), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (OQ689085.1) in 1:1:1:1 of CFU dilution as multistrain probiotics (MSP) regarding growth performance, haemato-biochemical indices and immune function in broilers. Ninety uniformly weighed broilers were divided into five groups at random with (n = 18/group). NC: negative control (basal diet); PC: commercial probiotic, G1: MSP supplemented, G2: MSP + vaccinated, G3: (vaccinated). Blood samples were collected at 42 days of age to assess immunological, haemato-biochemical parameters, and intestinal morphometry. Compared to the group of negative control, the broiler chicks' body weight was considerably (p < 0.05) higher in MSP-treated groups (G1, G2). This study found that, as compared to the NC, there was a substantial rise (p < 0.05) in RBC and hemoglobin in the probiotic-supplemented bird group. The results indicated that cholesterol and triglyceride remarkably decreased compared to control in probiotic-treated groups. There was no discernible change in the enzyme activity of ALT, AST, and ALP across the groups (p > 0.05). The findings indicated higher levels of immunoglobulin and interleukins in the MSP group than in the control (NC). The villus's height to crypt depth ratio was higher in the MSP groups (G1, G2) in contrast with the PC group (p < 0.05). The haemagglutination inhibition test (HI) revealed that the probiotic-treated groups had greater New Castle disease virus (NDV) antibodies than the othe

9. Carbohydr Polym. 2025 Apr 15;354:123300. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123300. Epub 2025 Jan 20. Dextran from human feces-derived Weissella cibaria facilitates intestinal mucosal barrier function by modulating gut bacteria and propionate levels. Zhao H(1), Abbas S(1), Ren J(1), Huang H(1), Song Y(1), Su X(1), Wu Q(1), Ma Y(2), Tang H(3), Gao YZ(4), Li Y(5), Gu X(6), Feng J(7), Hou J(1), Cheng Y(8), Li Z(9), Ma W(10). Author information: (1)Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China. (2)Department of Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. (3)National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Central China Subcenter of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Cardiovascular Disease Center, Fuwai Central-China Cardiovascular Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China. (4)The Center for Microbes, Development, and Health, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China. (5)Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China. (6)Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China. (7)Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China. (8)Department of Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. Electronic address: [email protected]. (9)National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Central China Subcenter of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Cardiovascular Disease Center, Fuwai Central-China Cardiovascular Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China. Electronic address: [email protected]. (10)Oncology dep

The gut microbiota is an immune system regulator in the gut-skin axis. Dysfunctional interactions between the gut microbiota and the gut immune system can lead to the development of skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Probiotics and postbiotics positively affect the balance of the gut microbiota, immune regulation, protection against pathogens, and barrier integrity. This study investigated the effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum, postbiotic B. bifidum (heat-killed), and cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) on the gut microbiota and T cell differentiation in NC/Nga mice induced with AD. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD mice had an increased SCORing atopic dermatitis-index and increased mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) cytokine in their mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs; p<0.05). However, oral administration of the three types of B. bifidum (probiotics, postbiotics, CpG ODN) to AD mice decreased the mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines as well as TSLP cytokine. They increased the mRNA expression levels of regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factor and cytokine, galectin-9, and filaggrin genes (p<0.05). These effects were more noticeable in the mLNs t

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the impact of host-specific and locally isolated multistrain probiotics on piglet performance, mortality, inflammatory responses, and gut microbiome. METHODS: A total of 52 piglet litters-34 from Landrace sows and 18 from Large White sows-were allocated to two groups: a control group and a multi-strain probiotic group. The probiotic group comprised seven strains of lactic acid bacteria (MLAB): Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus paraplantarum, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus pentosus, Weissella cibaria, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Each strain was included in equal concentrations, resulting in a final liquid mixture containing 109 colony forming units/mL. The MLAB group received the probiotics orally starting from 7 days of age until weaning at four weeks. Following weaning, supplementation continued via feed spraying for an additional four weeks. RESULTS: MLAB supplementation did not significantly affect piglet performance but showed a trend towards reducing the mortality rate (p = 0.06). It influenced the inflammator

The abuse of chemical insecticides has led to strong resistance in cockroaches, and biopesticides with active ingredients based on insect pathogens have good development prospects; however, their slow effect has limited their practical application, and improving their effectiveness has become an urgent problem. In this study, the interaction between Serratia marcescens and Metarhizium anisopliae enhanced their virulence against Blattella germanica and exhibited a synergistic effect. The combina

With the aim to discover novel lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains from fish as potential probiotics to replace antibiotics in aquaculture, the present study was conducted to isolate lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus from intestinal tract of healthy crucian carp (Carassiu auratus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and evaluate their resistance against Aeromonas veronii. Based on the evaluation of antibacterial activity and tolerance test, one strain of lactic acid bacteria (Weissella cibaria C-10) and one strain of Bacillus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5) with strong environmental stability were screened out. The safety evaluation showed that these two strains were non-toxic to crucian carp and were sensitive to most antibiotics. In vivo study, the crucian carps were fed a basal diet supplemented with W. cibaria C-10 (C-10), B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (T-5) and W. cibaria C-10 + B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (C-10+T-5), respectively, for 5 weeks. Then, various immune parameters were measured at 35 days of post-feeding. Results showed both probiotics could improve the activities of related immune enzymes, immune factors and non-specific immune antibodies in blood and organs (gill, gut, kidney, liver, and spleen) of crucian carp in varying degrees. Moreover, after 7 days of challenge experiment, the survival rates after

Weissella cibaria is one of the bacteria in charge of the initial fermentation of kimchi and has beneficial effects such as immune-modulating, antagonistic, and antioxidant activities. In our study, we aimed to estimate the safety of W. cibaria JW15 for the use of probiotics according to international standards based on phenotypic (antibiotic resistance, hemolysis, and toxic metabolite production) and genotypic analysis (virulence genes including antibiotic resistance genes). The results of the safety assessment on W. cibaria JW15 were as follows; (1) antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (kanamycin and vancomycin etc.) were intrinsic characteristics; (2) There were no acquired virulence genes including Cytolysin (cylA), aggregation substance (asa1), Hyaluronidase (hyl), and Gelatinase (gelE); (3) this strain also lacked β-hemolysis and the production of toxic metabolites (D-lactate and bile salt deconjugation). Consequently, W. cibaria JW15 is expected to be applied as a functional food ingredient in the food market.

Probiotics play significant roles in enhancing systemic immunity, improving intestinal balance and feed value, enhancing enzymatic digestion, and inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms of freshwater fish. Probiotics from an identical organism's gastrointestinal system promote effective colonization and provide greater benefits than other sources. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of probiotic bacteria isolated from the intestines of freshwater fishes for a dietary supplement of freshwater aquaculture. A total of 120 isolates were collected from freshwater fishes of Channa striata, Puntius filamentosus, Oreochromis mossambicus, Cirrhinus mrigala, and Rasbora daniconius. Seven of these isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against fish pathogens: Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis, the isolates were identified as Enterococcus sp., Lactococcus lactis, Weissella cibaria, and Limosilactobacillus fermentum. Of these tolerates, L. fermentum URLP18 isolated from C. mrigala exhibited high tolerance to low acidic (pH 2.0) and high bile salt (2%) concentrations, exhibiting a significant hydrophobicity and extracellular enzyme secretions like amylase, protease, and lipase. In vitro evaluations on intestinal mucus indicate that L. fermentum URLP18 have strong adherence capacity, and its survival rate increased after being administered to Artemia nauplii. T

Probiotics inspired by host-microbe interactions in the natural ecosystem are propitious in controlling bacterial infections in aquaculture and veterinary systems. Here we report the isolation and characterization of pathogenic Vibrio spp. and lactic acid bacteria from an intensive culture system of Litopenaeus vannamei and natural ecosystem, respectively. The pathogen isolated from the gut of L. vannamei showing the symptoms of white gut disease were identified as V. parahaemolyticus and V. campbelli. Both the pathogens expressed the virulence genes, rtxA, and tcpA and were showing multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of more than 0.5. The lactic acid bacteria isolated from the sediment and gut of benthic organisms (shrimp and polychaetes) collected from a tropical estuary were classified as member of 9 OTUs such as Pediococcus stilessi, Lactobacillus fermentum, L. rhamnosus, Weissella cibaria, Enterococcus durans, E. fecalis, Streptococcus gallolyticus and L. garvieae. Majority of these isolates were facultative in nature and were able to tolerate gastric juice and bile salt. Out of 83 bacteria isolated from sediment and gut, 36 showed abilities to reduce the pH of culture medium to less than five. Many of these isolates (34 Nos.) showed production of hydrolytic enzymes and secondary metabolites with antagonistic activity against both the pathogens (1 No.) or separately toward V. parahaemolyticus (9 Nos.) and V. campbelli (11 Nos.). Overall, the current study proposes a natural ecosystem as a potential source of lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potentials to prevent the vibriosis disease outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture systems. Further studies are required to

The butanol extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis roots fermented with Weissella cibaria (BAW) effectively prevents inflammation and remodeling of airway in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. To characterize biomarkers that can predict the anti-asthmatic effects induced by BAW treatment, we measured the alteration of endogenous metabolites in the serum of OVA-induced asthma mice after administration of low concentration BAW (BAWLo, 250 mg/kg) and high concentration BAW (BAWHi, 500 mg/kg) using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectral data. The number of immune cells and serum concentration of IgE as well as thickness of the respiratory epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the airway significantly recovered in the OVA+BAW treated group as compared to the OVA+Vehicle treated group. In the metabolic profile analysis, the pattern recognition showed completely separate clustering of serum analysis parameters between the OVA+Vehicle and OVA+BAW treated groups. Of the total endogenous metabolites, 19 metabolites were upregulated or downregulated in the OVA+Vehicle treated group as compared to the Control treated group. However, only 4 amino acids (alanine, glycine, methionine and tryptophan) were significantly recovered after BAWLo and BAWHi treatment. This study provides the first results pertaining to metabolic changes in

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by the gut mucosal ulceration. Growing evidence indicates that dysregulation of immune response to the commensal microbiota involves the pathogenesis of IBD. Previous studies have demonstrated the favorable probiotic effects of fermented rice extracts through triple fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Weissella cibaria (FRe). Thus, the therapeutic potential of FRe for UC was examined. Dextran sodium sulfate UC mice model was orally administered distilled water as a control, sulfasalazine, or FRe at 300, 200, and 100 mg/kg, once a day for a week. The UC control exhibited body weight loss, bloody stools, and colonic shortening. However, the FRe, especially at 300 mg/kg, led to a reduction in weight loss, disease activity index scores, and colon weight, and an increase in colorectal length. The histopathological analyses revealed mild changes involved in the colonic crypt and mucosal damages in the FRe groups, along with inhibited inflammation. Indeed, the FRe reduced neutrophil infiltration and production of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6/-8). This was accompanied by the down-regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B. The gene expression responsible for the intestinal barrier integrity (i.e., Zonna occludens-1/-2, Claudin-1, Occludin, Mucin-1/-2) was up-regulated in the FRe groups. In addition, the FRe reduced lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant

The objective of this study is to investigate the immune-enhancing ability of viable and heat-killed Weissella cibaria JW15 (JW15) isolated from Kimchi in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The immune effects were evaluated by measuring the production of NO, cytokines, inflammatory enzyme, and activation of NF-κB. Viable JW15 executed higher activity on stimulating the release of TNF-α as well as activating NF-κB compared to that of heat-killed JW15. Additionally, viable and heat-killed JW15 significantly increased the production of NO, IL-6 and TNF-α more than that of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). Furthermore, viable JW15 induced higher production of iNOS compared with that of viable LGG. Collectively, our finding indicates that viable JW15 had similar, if not more, immune-enhancing activities as heat-killed JW15. In addition, viable JW15 had higher immune-enhancing activity than commercial strain LGG. Therefore, viable JW15 has the potential to be used as a functional food to improve the host immune response.

Probiotics are known to provide the host with immune-modulatory effects and are therefore of remarkable interest for therapeutic and prophylactic applications against various disorders, including inflammatory diseases. Weissella cibaria JW15 (JW15) has been reported to possess probiotic and antioxidant properties. However, the effect of JW15 on inflammatory responses has not yet been reported. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of JW15 against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The production of pro-inflammatory factors and the cellular signaling pathways following treatment with heat-killed JW15 was examined in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Treatment with heat-killed JW15 decreased nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production via downregulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. In addition, treatment with heat-killed JW15 suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. The anti-inflammatory properties of treating with heat-killed JW15 were associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathwaymediated suppression of nuclear factor-κB. These results indicated that JW15 possesses antiinflammatory potential and provide a molecular basis regarding the development of functional probiotic products.

The butanol extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis roots fermented with Weissella cibaria (BAfW) significantly suppressed the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in RAW264.7 cells. To investigate the dose dependence and durability of BAfW on the anti-asthma effects, alterations in key parameters were measured in ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged Balb/c mice treated with the different doses of BAfW at three different time points. The number of immune cells, OVA-specific IgE level, thickness of respiratory epithelium and mucus score decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner in response to treatment with 125 to 500 mg/kg BAfW (P<0.05), although the highest level was detected in the 500 mg/kg treated group. Moreover, the decrease in these parameters was maintained from 24 to 48 h in the 500 mg/kg of BAfW treated group. At 72 h, the effects of BAfW on the number of immune cells, OVA-specific IgE level and thickness of respiratory epithelium partially disappeared. Overall, this study provides the first evidence that the anti-asthma effect of BAfW may reach the maximum level in OVA-challenged Balb/c mice treated with 500 mg/kg and that these effects can last for 48 h.

OBJECTIVE: Although the efficacy of Rubus coreanus (RC) byproducts as a feed additive has been recognized, its effects on intestinal microorganisms and the immune system are still unknown. METHODS: Six-week-old male rats were treated with 0.5% RC (T1), 1.0% RC (T2), and 1.5% RC (T3) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: We found that treatment with RC byproducts significantly increased the daily gain of body weight and feed intake. Treg-cell differentiation was enhanced in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen from the rats fed with RC byproducts. Illumina sequencing showed that bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes decreased and while those in the phylum Bacteroidetes increased in RC-treated groups. Particularly, the pathogenic microorganisms in the family Peptococcaceae decreased, and the non-pathogenic families Lachnospiraceae and S24-7 increased. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the RC byproducts increased the lactic acid bacteria Bifidobacterium spp., Oscillospira spp., Leuconostoc citreum, and Weissella cibaria in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: RC byproducts may be effective in immunomodulation by affecting int

BACKGROUND: Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is reported to exert various immune-activities. To enhance its activity, we fermented C.militaris with Pediococcus pentosaceus ON89A (GRC-ON89A). In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing activity GRC-ON89A, using immunosuppressed model. METHODS: Immunosuppression was induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CY). Each group was orally administered distilled water, GRC-ON89A or GRC, respectively. The phagocytic activities against IgG -opsonized FITC particles were measured using phagocytosis assay kit. The contents β-glucan, cordycepin and SCFA were measured using β-glucan kit, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Among GRC fermented with different probiotic strains (Pediococcus pentossaceus ON89A, Lactobacillus pentosus SC64, Weissella cibaria Sal.Cla22), GRC-ON89A induced the highest elevation of nitric oxide production and enhanced phagocytic activity of RAW 264.7 cells. In primary cultured murine macrophages from normal and CY-treated mice, GRC-ON89A increased phagocytic activity, compared to that in control cells. GRC-ON89A also significantly induced the mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-10 and the levels of phosphorylated Lyn, Syk and MAPK. The contents of β-glucan, cordycepin and SCFA in GRC significantly increased after ON89A fermentation, compared to those in unfermented GRC. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that GRC-ON89A exerted the enhanced immunostimulatory activity and contained more nutritional components, compared to unfermented GRC. Our results suggested that

Probiotic lactic acid bacteria are known to modulate gut associated immune responses. Not many studies have reported on the role of Weissella species in preventing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced proinflammatory stress in murine macrophages as well as in human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Therefore, the present study was taken up to evaluate the probiotic attributes of four newly isolated Weissella strains (two each from fermented dosa batter and a human infant faecal sample); these attributes are cholesterol reduction, adhesion to Caco-2 cells and mucin and their ability to prevent LPS-induced nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα) production by the murine macrophages and IL-8 production by the human epithelial cells. Reduction in LPS induced pro-inflammatory stress was compared with a well-studied probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. The results suggested that the strains were tolerant to gastric conditions (pH 3.0) and bile salts. In addition, the strains exhibited moderate cell surface hydrophobicity, cholesterol reduction and adhesion to Caco-2 cells and gastric mucin. All the strains could prevent LPS-induced nitric oxide and IL-6 production in murine macrophages, while strain 28 alone prevented IL-1β production. All the strains could prevent IL-8 production by the human epithelial cells. The present study led to the first line selection of W. cibaria 28 as a putative strain for future studies as it showed adhesion to Caco-2 cells and gastric mucin and cholesterol reduction besides preventing LPS-induced pro-inflammatory s