Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

INTRODUCTION: The intricate balance between immunometabolic homeostasis and redox equilibrium is crucial for maintaining health, and its dysregulation is implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases. Vascular non-inflammatory molecule-1 (VNN1) is an emerging pantetheinase that sits at the crossroads of inflammation and metabolism, yet a comprehensive review that synthesizes its tissue- and disease-specific roles and systematically evaluates its potential as a therapeutic target remains lacking. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant domestic and international studies on VNN1. The search included databases such as PubMed using keywords related to VNN1's structure and function, the disease roles of its metabolites (pantothenic acid, cysteamine), or inhibitors efficacy. The selected studies were critically reviewed and summarized to extract key pathways, inhibitor profiles and molecular docking analyses synthesized. RESULTS: VNN1 hydrolyzes pantetheine to generate metabolites essential for CoA synthesis and glutathione redox balance. Its upregulation is closely associated with the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases and certain cancers, often serving as a biomarker for disease severity. Inhibiting VNN1, either genetically or pharmacologically with compounds like RR6, OMP-7, or natural products such as oleuropein, demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in preclinical models. CONCLUSIONS: VNN1 represents a promising therapeutic target for modulating oxidative stress and immunometabolism in various diseases. Future research should develop disease-specific inhibitors, clarify tissue-specific mechanisms, and conduct clinical trials for translation. © 2025 The Author(s). Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder that begins before age 12. Given the role of B group vitamins in cell metabolism, synthesis of nucleotides, and neurotransmitters, the present study systematically investigated the plasma levels of vitamins B9 and B12 in children with ADHD. Methods: We searched electronic databases including Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Iran MEDEX, Cochran database, and SID from conception to June 2023. Full-text case-control or cross-sectional studies were included in this study. Participants in the case group were children with ADHD aged 6-12 years. Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.4) was used for statistical analyses. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% CIs were used to determine the differences between the two groups. Results: Six studies were included in the present meta-analysis. They included 982 children, of whom, 204 were girls and 744 were boys. The mean age of the children was 8.86±2.03 years. The level of vitamin B9 was significantly different between children with and without ADHD [SMD -0.80, 95% CI (-1.55, -0.04)]. Vitamin B12 was significantly lower in children with ADHD [SMD -0.29, 95% CI (-0.42, -0.16)]. However, due to high heterogeneity (I2 = 93%), sensitivity analysis was used, I2 fell to 21%, and significant difference was observed between the two groups [SMD -0.19, 95% CI (-0.34, -0.04)]. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review showed that the level of vitamins B9 and B12 in children with ADHD was significantly lower than that in healthy children.

Bladder cancer (BCa) research relying on Omics approaches has increased over the last few decades, improving the understanding of BCa pathology and contributing to a better molecular classification of BCa subtypes. To gain further insight into the molecular profile underlying the development of BCa, a systematic literature search was performed in PubMed until November 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines. This search enabled the identification of 25 experimental studies using mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance-based approaches to characterize the metabolite signature associated with BCa. A total of 1562 metabolites were identified to be altered by BCa in different types of samples. Urine samples displayed a higher likelihood of containing metabolites that are also present in bladder tumor tissue and cell line cultures. The data from these comparisons suggest that increased concentrations of L-isoleucine, L-carnitine, oleamide, palmitamide, arachidonic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid and decreased content of deoxycytidine, 5-aminolevulinic acid and pantothenic acid should be considered components of a BCa metabolome signature. Overall, molecular profiling of biological samples by metabolomics is a promising approach to identifying potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of different BCa subtypes. However, future studies are needed to understand its biological significance in the context of BCa and to validate its clinical application.

BACKGROUND: Increasingly, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming an inevitable consequence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. As the disease progresses, and through dialysis, the need for and loss of water-soluble vitamins both increase. This review article looks at the benefits and possible risks of supplementing these vitamins with the treatment of CKD. METHODS: Data in the PubMed and Embase databases were analyzed. The keywords "chronic kidney disease", in various combinations, are associated with thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, folates, niacin, cobalamin, and vitamin C. This review focuses on the possible use of water-soluble vitamin supplementation to improve pharmacological responses and the overall clinical condition of patients. RESULTS: The mechanism of supportive supplementation is based on reducing oxidative stress, covering the increased demand and losses resulting from the treatment method. In the initial period of failure (G2-G3a), it does not require intervention, but later, especially in the case of inadequate nutrition, the inclusion of supplementation with folate and cobalamin may bring benefits. Such supplementation seems to be a necessity in patients with stage G4 or G5 (uremia). Conversely, the inclusion of additional B6 supplementation to reduce CV risk may be considered. At stage 3b and beyond (stages 4-5), the inclusion of niacin at a dose of 400-1000 mg, depending on the patient's tolerance, is required to lower the phosphate level. The inclusion of supplementation with thiamine and other water-soluble vitamins, especially in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients, is necessary for reducing dialysis losses. Allowing hemodialysis patients to take low doses of oral vitamin C effectively reduces erythropoietin dose requirements and improves anemia in functional iron-deficient patients. However, it should be considered that doses of B vitamins that are several times higher than the recommended dietary allowance of consumption may exacerbate left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in CKD patients. CONCLUSIONS: Taking into account the research conducted so far, it seems that the use of vitamin supplementat

BACKGROUND: Trace elements and vitamins, named together micronutrients (MNs), are essential for human metabolism. Recent research has shown the importance of MNs in common pathologies, with significant deficiencies impacting the outcome. OBJECTIVE: This guideline aims to provide information for daily clinical nutrition practice regarding assessment of MN status, monitoring, and prescription. It proposes a consensus terminology, since many words are used imprecisely, resulting in confusion. This is particularly true for the words "deficiency", "repletion", "complement", and "supplement". METHODS: The expert group attempted to apply the 2015 standard operating procedures (SOP) for ESPEN which focuses on disease. However, this approach could not be applied due to the multiple diseases requiring clinical nutrition resulting in one text for each MN, rather than for diseases. An extensive search of the literature was conducted in the databases Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and CINAHL. The search focused on physiological data, historical evidence (published before PubMed release in 1996), and observational and/or randomized trials. For each MN, the main functions, optimal analytical methods, impact of inflammation, potential toxicity, and provision during enteral or parenteral nutrition were addressed. The SOP wording was applied for strength of recommendations. RESULTS: There was a limited number of interventional trials, preventing meta-analysis and leading to a low level of evidence. The recommendations underwent a consensus process, which resulted in a percentage of agreement (%): strong consensus required of >90% of votes. Altogether the guideline proposes sets of recommendations for 26 MNs, resulting in 170 single recommendations. Critical MNs were identified with deficiencies being present in numerous acute and chronic diseases. Monitoring and management strategies are proposed. CONCLUSION: This guideline should enable addressing suboptimal and deficient status of a bundle of MNs in at-risk diseases. In particular, it offers practical advice on MN provision and monitoring during nutritional support.

BACKGROUND: Our study sought to determine the efficacy of vitamin B in treating mouth ulcers. METHODS: The databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang were comprehensively searched to identify relevant articles published between 2010 and 2021. Subsequently, the clinical efficacy of vitamin B in the treatment of mouth ulcers was comprehensively and quantitatively evaluated through meta-analysis. RESULTS: Totally, 16 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis, including 1,534 patients. Patients who did not receive treatment were taken as controls, while those who were treated with vitamin B alone or vitamin B combined with pantothenic acid were included in the treatment group. In comparison with the control group, the effective rate was higher [odds ratio (OR) =5.24, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.72 to 7.37, P<0.001] while the recurrence rate was lower (OR =0.194, 95% CI: 0.128 to 0.295, P<0.001) in the treatment group. Additionally, both the ulcer healing time [standardized mean difference (SMD) =-2.15, 95% CI: -2.80 to -1.50, P<0.001] and treatment time (SMD =-2.31, 95% CI: -2.67 to -1.96, P<0.001) in the treatment group were shorter than those of the control group. DISCUSSION: Vitamin B enables a higher effective rate and lower recurrence rate, accelerates ulcer healing, and shortens the course of treatment. Collectively, vitamin B has a high clinical value in treating patients with mouth ulcers.

A homocysteine-independent role for B-group vitamins on venous thrombosis (VT) development has been reported. However, related research findings remain inconsistent. PUBMED, EMBASE, and COCHRANE databases were searched to collect information on all eligible studies to make a meta-analysis about the relationship between B-group vitamins and VT. Literature search results did not suggest a correlation between thiamin, pantothenic acid, niacin, or riboflavin with VT. Based on their correlations in the literature, folic acid, vitamin B12, B6 were considered in the meta-analysis and systematic review. Significant standardized mean differences were obtained for plasma folic acid (-0.55; 95% CI, -0.75 to -0.36) and vitamin B12 (-0.34; 95% CI, -0.55 to -0.13). Reduced levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 may be independent risk factors of VT. Moreover, a qualitative systematic review indicated that low level of vitamin B6 was an independent risk factor of VT. Randomized clinical studies of B-group vitamins supplementation showed varying results on VT prevention. Multivitamin supplementation for VT prevention, regardless of homocysteine level, would be of interest. Further prospective clinical studies are needed to provide additional evidence on the clinical benefits of B-group vitamin supplementation for VT.

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on nipple pain and to delineate effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of nipple pain in breastfeeding mothers. DATA SOURCES: Computerized searches on MEDLINE, Pre-MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. STUDY SELECTION: Articles from indexed journals relevant to the objective were reviewed from January 1983 to April 2004. Preference was given to research-based studies in English. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted and organized under two headings: prevention of nipple pain or trauma and treatment of nipple pain or trauma. The Critical Appraisal Form by J. Briggs was used to extract the data from research-based articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: The health benefits of breastfeeding for mother and infant are well documented; however, nipple pain is a common reason reported by women for the early termination of breastfeeding. Several studies have compared various treatments for either the prevention of or treatment for nipple pain. These treatments include warm water compresses, tea bag compresses, heat, application of expressed mother's milk, lanolin, vitamin A, collagenase, dexpanthenol, hydrogel therapy, glycerin gel therapy, moist occlusive dressing, education regarding proper latch-on and positioning, and no treatment. CONCLUSIONS: No one topical agent showed superior results in the relief of nipple discomfort. The most important factor in decreasing the incidence of nipple pain is the provision of education in relation to proper breastfeeding technique and latch-on as well as anticipatory guidance regarding the high incidence of early postpartum nipple pain.

BI 1595043 is an oral vanin-1 and vanin-2 inhibitor, which demonstrated promising effects on epithelial cell protection and reduction of inflammatory mediators in preclinical studies, as well as an acceptable safety profile in a previous single-rising-dose trial. Here, we report the results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multiple rising dose study, which investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of BI 1595043 in healthy male volunteers following oral administration of single and multiple rising doses over 18 days in total. Thirty subjects were treated (18-50 years of age; body mass index: 18.5-29.9 kg/m2); each dose group included 10 subjects, of which eight were administered BI 1595043 (15, 30, or 60 mg) and two were administered placebo after an overnight fast of ≥ 10 h. With multiple rising doses, BI 1595043 appeared to effectively inhibit the conversion of pantetheine to pantothenic acid. BI 1595043 achieved rapid absorption after administration (median time from dosing to maximum measured concentration of the analyte in plasma: ~1 h) and plasma concentrations generally increased in a dose-proportional manner, with the majority excreted in urine within the first 24 h after dosing. Most adverse events reported were of mild or moderate severity, e.g., headache, dizziness, and abdominal discomfort. However, this study was temporarily halted after ophthalmologic adverse events judged to be drug-related by the investigator were reported in six subjects treated with BI 1595043. The study was discontinued prematurely due to the sponsor's decision to terminate the development of BI 1595043 in all indications. © 2025 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals. Clinical and Translational Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.

BACKGROUND: Facial laser procedures may result in compromised skin barrier function and associated discomfort. It is essential to address these issues to facilitate a swift recovery and enhance patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a panthenol-enriched mask, incorporating centella asiatica extract (madecassoside) and bisabolol, in repairing the skin barrier after 1550 and 1927 nm dual-wavelength non-ablative fractional laser therapy. METHODS: A total of 60 subjects were enrolled in this double-blind randomized study and were divided into Control group (CG) and Mask group (MG). Both groups received standard post-operative care, the MG receiving the Mask, while the CG received a saline dressing. Skin barrier repair was assessed using a skin physiological detection instrument, colorimetry, and a skin imaging analyzer (VISIA). The incidence of adverse reactions was also monitored. RESULTS: The MG exhibited significantly lower erythema index and hyperpigmentation index at D3, D7, and D14, compared to the CG. The MG had significantly higher sebum content than the CG at D7 and D14. The stratum corneum moisture content in the MG was also higher than in the CG at D3, D7, and D14. Additionally, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was significantly reduced in the MG at D3, D7, and D14. There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reactions between the groups. CONCLUSION: A panthenol-enriched Mask effectively decreased post non-ablative laser erythema, enhanced skin hydration, and promoted skin barrier repair. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

BACKGROUND: Actinic keratoses (AK) are pre-cancerous, intraepidermal lesions that exist on a continuum with squamous cell carcinoma. Cryotherapy using liquid nitrogen freezing is the most common method for treating AKs. Following cryotherapy, wound care often involves antimicrobial ointments as prophylactics against infection. However, given the rise in antibacterial resistance and possible contact dermatitis, equivalent alternatives should be identified. Cutaneous wound healing is important in dermatologic conditions. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the safety (adverse events) and efficacy (erythema and oozing/crusting, speed of recovery) of post-procedural wound healing of AK lesions, when using either a topical antibiotic (PSO), or a nonprescription repairing balm containing panthenol, madecassoside, and metal salts (CB5). METHODS: A multicenter, intra-individual, randomized control trial was conducted. Sixty participants with at least 3 AK lesions on each arm were enrolled. Following cryotherapy, 3 lesions were selected on each arm for study and control treatment. The treatment of the right or left arm was randomly assigned to either the control group (PSO) or the investigational group (CB5), so that each subject participated in both the investigational and control arms. At each visit, the physician assessed the skin condition (erythema, oozing/crusting) and adverse events, and subject satisfaction was recorded.&nbsp;Results: There were no clinically significant differences in time to lesion healing, erythema, or oozing/crusting between groups. On day 21, 100% of patients agreed that their lesions had improved. No adverse events related to the study products were reported throughout the trial.&nbsp;Conclusion: Post-procedural treatment with CB5 and PSO demonstrated equivalent wound healing in participants undergoing liquid nitrogen cryotherapy for AKs without the potential for further adverse effects. CITATION: Lynde CW, Andriessen A, Guenther L, et al. Randomized-controlled trial comparing safety and efficacy of repairing balm versus topical antimicrobial for post-procedural wounds. J Drugs Dermatol. 2025;24(5):507-515. doi:10.36849/JDD.8746R1.

INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES: Treatment with daylight photodynamic therapy (dPDT) of actinic keratosis (AK) is associated with local skin reactions (LSR), which may affect patients' quality of life and treatment acceptability. This study explores the potential of a prebiotic and panthenol-containing Dermocosmetic Cream (DC) to enhance tolerance and mitigate post-dPDT induced LSR in the treatment of AKs. MATERIALS & METHODS: This randomized controlled, intra-individual trial included 20 patients with ≥10 AKs in two symmetrical areas on their face or décolleté, treated with a single session of artificial dPDT. After treatment, the two areas were randomized to DC twice daily for 14 days or No-DC. Primary outcomes included clinical signs of LSR graded from 0=none to 3=severe, calculated as a composite score, and assessed on Days 2, 7, 14, and 30 post-treatment, along with AK clearance rate. Secondary outcomes encompassed objectively measured erythema, and clinical and objective skin photoaging assessment. RESULTS: Topical application of DC following dPDT significantly improved post-treatment tolerance up to two weeks. By Day 2, DC-treated skin had milder LSR (median 3.0, IQR 2.0-4.8) compared to No-DC skin (median 4.0, IQR 3.0-5.0; p=0.011). This improvement continued on Day 7 (DC median 3.0, IQR 2.0-3.8 vs. No-DC median 4.5, IQR 3.0-5.8; p<0.001) and Day 14 (DC median 1.0, IQR 0.0-1.0 vs. No-DC median 1.0, IQR 1.0-2.0; p=0.004). Objective measurements showed milder erythema in DC-treated areas on Day 2 (p=0.045) and Day 7 (p=0.005). Crusting resolved more effectively in DC-treated areas by Day 7 (40% vs. 20%; p=0.039). No significant difference in complete lesion response rate was observed between DC and No-DC skin (p=0.850). By Day 30, clinical photoaging assessment demonstrated significant improvement in dyspigmentation (p=0.004) and skin texture (p<0.001) in both locations. Moreover, objective measurements revealed reduced dyspigmentation in both DC and No-DC treated skin (p≤0.001). CONCLUSION: Application of a prebiotic and panthenol-containing multipurpose DC significantly enhanced tolerance from artificial dPDT and accelerated healing time up to 14 days after tr

BACKGROUND: Maintaining adequate hydration is critical to optimal health, well-being, and performance. Those who are physically active in stressful environments, such as warm and/or humid scenarios, may be at particular risk for dehydration with ensuing loss of electrolytes, leading to sluggishness and impaired physical performance. METHODS: We evaluated an electrolyte and amino acid product containing L-alanine and L-glutamine, as well as select vitamins [B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B12 (cobalamin), and vitamin C (ascorbic acid)]. Subjects (n = 40; four groups, n = 10) were randomized to consume either a placebo packet or one, two, or three packets daily of the test product for 4 weeks with site visits at 0, 2, and 4 weeks. We tested safety and tolerability by analyzing hematological parameters (complete blood counts), metabolic parameters (hepatic, renal, acid-base balance), urinalysis end products, thyroid status [T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)], tolerability (via questionnaire), vital signs, and dietary intake. RESULTS: Statistical analyses displayed ten significant main effects (p < 0.05) with white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, urinary pH, thyroxine, urination frequency, calcium, calories, fat, and cholesterol. Interactions for time and group (p < 0.05) were observed for MCV, eGFR, potassium, overall tolerability, bloating, and cramping-demonstrating mild GA disturbances. Little to no change of physiological relevance was noted for any outcome variable, regardless of dosing level. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the product was well-tolerated at all dosing levels and no significant adverse changes occurred in any of the test parameters compared to the placebo group, indicating relative safety of ingestion over a 4-week treatment period, at the volumes used, and outside the context of physical stress.

BACKGROUND: Overall adherence in the treatment of chronic dermatoses is poor. Textbooks state an adherence dependence on galenics. TRIAL DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, parallel-grouped, single-blinded (investigator), monocentric clinical trial (phase IV) on the adherence to treatment of chronic mild to moderate hand eczema with topical methylprednisolone aceponate (MPA, Advantan®) in different vehicles. OBJECTIVES AND ENDPOINTS: Primary objective was the assessment of the adherence depending on vehicle type in patients with chronic hand eczema. Secondary objective was improvement after a 4-week treatment period. Primary Endpoint Adherence is defined as the percentage of patients applying at least aimed daily dose. Prescribed daily dose was defined as the planned number of applications per day (1) * surface (measured) * aimed amount per application (mg/cm2 ). Truly applicated daily dose was evaluated as individual mean amount per dose * individual mean number of applications per day. Adherence was assumed, if truly applicated daily dose is at least 75% of the prescribed daily dose and the individual mean number of applications per day is at least 0.85. Secondary Endpoint Efficacy was measured by improvement of Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) and Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) after a 4-week treatment period and in addition to Quality of Life in Hand Eczema Questionnaire (QOLHEQ) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess pruritus. METHODS: Number of participants randomized to each group 40, 80 total. Group 1 MPA-C: Methylprednisolone aceponate 0.1% cream and barrier repair emollient (Bepanthen® Sensiderm). Group 2 MPA-FO: Methylprednisolone aceponate 0.1% fatty ointment and barrier repair emollient (Bepanthen® Sensiderm). Adherence to treatment was compared via Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Of the patients, 48% were adherent according to our definition. There was no significant difference between MPA-C (42.1%) and MPA-FO (54.1%; p = 0.36; group difference-12.0%, 95% CI-34.3%-11.5%). Generalized-linear-model-analysis of adherence to study treatment with factors emollient use, treatment, time and treatment-time interaction showed a parallel between adhe

Background: Radiodermatitis is a common side effect of breast cancer radiotherapy; however, there is no current consensus regarding an effective standard therapy. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of topical ectoin versus dexpanthenol in the management of acute radiodermatitis after breast cancer radiotherapy. Methods: Fifty patients randomly used dexpanthenol 5% cream (25 patients), or ectoin 7% cream (25 patients), applied twice daily to the irradiated area during and for 2 weeks after radiotherapy. The study was stratified by the radiotherapy schedule and was double-blind. Radiodermatitis grade, radiation-associated symptoms, and adverse events were assessed weekly during radiotherapy and 2 weeks thereafter. Skin-related quality of life (QOL) scores were measured using the Skindex-16 questionnaire. Results: Both agents were effective in preventing severe radiodermatitis (≥G3). Ectoin had a lower radiodermatitis grade level than dexpanthenol, with a significant difference at week 2 (P = 0.008). Radiation-associated pain (P = 0.003) and itching (P = 0.001) were lower with ectoin than dexpanthenol. Side effects were not significantly different between the 2 treatments (P = 0.107). Ectoin showed less QOL impairment than dexpanthenol. The radiation schedule was an independent predictor for radiodermatitis persistence. Conclusion: Ectoin showed some clinical benefit over dexpanthenol in improving radiation dermatitis and the radiation schedule is a predictor of radiodermatitis persistence.

BACKGROUND: : This study aimed to check the effect of supplementation with low-dose group B vitamins on clinical and biochemical parameters on patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD: : This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was carried out on 85 critically ill patients with COVID-19. All patients received high protein prescriptions of 30 kcal/kg/d by enteral nutrition. The intervention group (n = 40) received vitamin B complex, including thiamine (10 mg), riboflavin (4 mg), nicotinamide (40 mg), and dexpanthenol (6 mg). The control group received similar nutritional supports, except for group B vitamins. Assessments were carried out at baseline and after 2 weeks of intervention. RESULTS: : Vitamin B supplementation had no effects on the biochemical and pathological parameters including kidney function, arterial blood gas parameters, Glasgow coma scale, cell blood count, and serum electrolytes of the intervention group compared with the control group. The 30-day mortality was insignificantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (83.3% against 96.1%, P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: The mortality rate of patients with COVID-19 might be improved by low-dose vitamin B supplementation.

Combination therapy with biotin and dexpanthenol is a well-known practice in preventing and treating hair loss, however, it is not well studied. In this study, we compared the efficacy of the 6-week treatment with two brands of biotin and dexpanthenol for the treatment of diffuse hair loss. Fifty eligible patients with diffused pattern hair loss, (41 women and 9 men) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 6 weekly injections of dexpanthenol ampoule 250 mg/2 ml and biotin ampoule 5 mg/1 ml, manufactured by Pars Behvarzan or Bayer Company. Combing test, Standard scalp photography and trichoscan assessment were performed before the first treatment session and one and 8 weeks after the last one. Patients' satisfaction and drug adverse reactions were also recorded. One and eight weeks after the last treatment session, hair fall count and total hair density significantly improved in both groups (p-value <0.01 for hair fall count and 0.04 and 0.02, for hair density in Pars and Bayer groups, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two groups in any other trichoscan parameter, except for improvement in terminal/vellus hair ratio in the Bayer group in both follow up visits, compared to the Pars group (p-value = 0.02 and 0.033 for weeks one and eight). Six-week treatment with both brands of biotin and dexpanthenol was effective and safe in people with diffused pattern hair loss. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

INTRODUCTION: We assessed the efficacy and safety of OPF-105, a novel all-in-one peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) solution containing multivitamins by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2000 (FDA2000 recommendation). METHODS: We conducted a phase III trial administering OPF-105 or BFL (combination of a commercially available PPN solution and fat emulsion) to patients after gastrointestinal (GI) tract surgery from postoperative day (POD) 1 up to POD14. Until POD7, nutrients were provided only with OPF-105 or BFL. After blood sampling on POD8, oral food intake was permitted. PPN was administered according to the amount of food intake. RESULTS: Efficacy endpoints were assessed in 99 subjects (OPF group: 52; BFL group: 47). The levels of blood proteins and fatty acids in the two groups were similar on POD8. The transition of these mean levels was similar in both groups from POD1 or 2 to POD9 to 15. The mean preoperative blood vitamin levels were within reference intervals (RIs). On POD1 (before administration), the mean levels of most blood vitamins decreased compared to those of the preoperative levels. In the BFL group, the mean blood levels of vitamin B2, B6, pantothenic acid (PA), folic acid (FA), biotin, and C decreased below or near the lower limit of RIs on POD8, and the mean blood levels of vitamin B6 and C remained low from POD9 to 15. In the OPF group, the mean blood levels of vitamins, excluding vitamin K, were within RIs on POD8 and POD9 to 15. The mean levels of blood vitamin K increased over the upper limit of RIs on POD8 but within RIs from POD9 to 15. There was no obvious difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups, which is common after GI tract surgeries. CONCLUSION: Blood vitamin levels decreased when patients were administered PPN without vitamin supplementation during the first week after surgery. The novel PPN formula containing multivitamins recommended by FDA2000 can be safely administered to postoperative patients to maintain blood vitamin levels. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

This study investigated the dietary requirement of pantothenic acid (PA) and its effects on growth, feed efficiency, liver health, β-oxidation, hematological parameters and immune and antioxidant responses in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). A basal diet (P0) was formulated without PA supplementation, and six additional diets were prepared by adding 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60 mg/kg PA (designated as P10-P60). Juvenile P. olivaceus (initial mean body weight: 45.0 ± 0.01 g) were randomly distributed into 21 tanks and fed the diets twice daily for 12 weeks. Growth performance and feed efficiency were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in P10 and P20 groups than in P0 group. Liver lipid levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in all PA-supplemented groups, while hepatic PA, CoA concentration, β-oxidation activity and levels of docosahexaenoic acid and α-linolenic acid were significantly higher (P < 0.001) compared to P0 group. Dietary PA supplementation reduced aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities, though activities of both enzymes increased at higher PA supplementation levels. Lysozyme and anti-protease activities were significantly higher in P10 and P20 groups, and immunoglobulin levels were elevated in P10 group compared with P0 group. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased significantly in P10, P20 and P40 groups, while superoxide dismutase activity increased in P10, P20, P50 and P60 groups (P < 0.05). Broken-line regression analysis based on weight gain and feed efficiency indicated that the optimal dietary PA requirement for P. olivaceus is 18.8 mg/kg. © 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis by one-dimensional liquid chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LC-IRMS) is fundamentally constrained by the requirement for fully aqueous mobile phases, which limits chromatographic selectivity and prevents effective separation of analytes from complex sample matrices. Here, a heart-cutting two-dimensional LC-IRMS method (2D-LC-IRMS) is presented for the first compound-specific δ13C analysis of the water-soluble vitamins B5 (pantothenic acid) and B9 (folic acid) in commercial dietary supplements and fortified beverages. An organic-modified reversed-phase separation in the first dimension achieved matrix reduction, while a fully aqueous second-dimension separation ensured IRMS compatibility and delivered baseline-resolved analyte peaks for precise isotope determination. Validation demonstrated linear calibration over 2-100 mgC L-1 with R2 ≥ 0.9999, repeatability of ≤ 0.13‰, and isotope-stability-based method detection limits of 5 mgC L-1. Analyzed δ13C values were independent of chromatographic configuration, confirming that heart-cutting transfer does not introduce isotope fractionation. Application to 12 commercial products, including tablets, effervescent formulations, powdered supplements, and an energy drink, yielded δ13C ranges of -20.6‰ to -32.9‰ for vitamin B5 and -20.4‰ to -36.4‰ for vitamin B9, reflecting differences in synthetic production routes across manufacturers. The presented workflow extends LC-IRMS to the compound class of water soluble vitamins that were so far inaccessible to this technique and provides a broadly applicable strategy for compound-specific isotope analysis of polar analytes in challenging matrices. © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Separation Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.

Accurate assay of vitamins in foods is a considerable analytical challenge due to the chemical complexity of matrices and molecular structures. Orbitrap MS technology coupled with liquid chromatography through electrospray ionization source (HPLC-ESI-MS) was applied for the simultaneous determination of seven B-vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, and folic acid) in fruit juices and dietary supplements. The method employed an easy sample treatment procedure, involving direct dilution for juices and a fast solvent extraction for supplements. Chromatographic separation was achieved by a reversed-phase column with a gradient elution of water and acetonitrile. Mass spectrometry detection was performed in full-scan mode and using both positive and negative ionization to maximize sensitivity. The method was validated, demonstrating excellent linearity (R2 > 0.998), acceptable accuracy (96%-112% for supplements, near 100% for juices with matrix-matched calibration), and good precision (RSD < 15%). The matrix effect was investigated and mitigated using a matrix calibration curve for fruit juices. Limits of detection and quantification were determined, indicating good sensitivity. The validated approach was successfully applied to the analysis of real samples, showing good agreement with label claims for supplements and confirming the expected vitamin levels in fruit juices, with freshly squeezed juices exhibiting higher concentrations than commercial ones. © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Mass Spectrometry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Prediabetes, a prevalent metabolic condition characterised by elevated blood glucose levels not reaching type 2 diabetes mellitus criteria, represents a critical intervention window for diabetes prevention. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) exhibits efficacy in diabetes management, but the structure-function relationships underlying its bioactivity are poorly defined. This study investigated the impact of acetylation degree (DS) on KGM's anti-prediabetic potential. Structural characterisation revealed that acetylation and deacetylation altered DS while preserving the KGM's backbone, accompanied by changes in molecular weight and viscosity. Given the pivotal role of gut microbiota in the development of diabetes, in vitro fermentation experiments using faeces from prediabetic individuals revealed that KGM with varying DS (AcKGM) enriched Bacteroides uniformis and Bacteroides coprocola, with enrichment positively correlating with DS. Consistently, mono-culture assays demonstrated preferential utilization of highly acetylated AcKGM by both species. Prediabetic animal experiments further demonstrated that AcKGM improved glucose and lipid metabolism, suppressed inflammation, and ameliorated hepatosteatosis, in a DS-dependent manner. Notably, these effects were associated with DS-dependent enrichment of B. uniformis and upregulation of beneficial faecal metabolites, including D-pantothenic acid. Collectively, these findings establish that higher DS enhances KGM's efficacy in modulating gut microbiota and alleviating prediabetes, providing mechanistic insights for structure-guided optimisation of KGM-based therapeutics.

Coenzyme A (CoA) is essential for the intraerythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum. Phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (PPCS) catalyzes the second of five steps of the CoA biosynthesis pathway. Most apicomplexan parasites express one PPCS, whereas two PPCSs are expressed in P. falciparum. Here, we demonstrate that the two P. falciparum PPCSs (PfPPCSs) associate into a single, functional PPCS heteromeric complex that, unlike any other eukaryotic PPCS reported to date, is unable to use adenosine 5'-triphosphate. We identify a prokaryote-like helical component of PfPPCS as important for the nucleotide specificity and potentially holding the key for its stringency for cytidine 5'-triphosphate. Moreover, we show that the complex is the target of multiple antiplasmodial pantothenate analogs and interacts with other analogs that target different steps in CoA biosynthesis/utilization. Our study provides opportunities for designing inhibitors that exploit the unique features of the PfPPCS complex while, at the same time, avoiding the human counterpart, paving the way for additional therapies to combat malaria.

Urothelial carcinoma （UC） is a globally prevalent malignancy lacking robust non-invasive biomarkers. Metabolic reprogramming is a recognized cancer hallmark. Untargeted metabolomics enables high-throughput and unbiased analysis of bodily fluids， offering a promising approach for discovering novel biomarkers in UC. This investigation employs untargeted metabolomic profiling to detect novel urinary biomarkers in UC cohorts. The analytical strategy prioritizes tumor-associated metabolic perturbations through pathway-centric characterization of dysregulated biochemical networks. This study systematically characterizes differential metabolites and associated pathway dysregulations in UC cohorts. The approach seeks to establish a reliable metabolic signature with diagnostic and prognostic value. The findings are expected to advance the development of novel clinical tools. UC biomarkers should optimally integrate preclinical identification， treatment response tracking， and precision-tailored interventions. This investigation provides a methodological framework for exploring cancer metabolism in UC. And it offers evidence-based insights to support translational research and precision medicine initiatives in oncology. This study was conducted at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital， Capital Medical University， between January and December 2020. A total of 60 urine specimens were consecutively collected. They comprised 30 histologically confirmed UC patients and 30 healthy controls with normal urinalysis findings. Clinical data was prospectively collected via structured case report forms. It encompassed baseline demographics， comorbidities， anthropometric and behavioral factors， and UC pathological parameters. All urine samples were collected prior to invasive procedures. And they were labeled， snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen， and stored at -80 ℃ until analysis. Metabolic profiling was performed using a quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometer equipped with a heated electrospray ionization source. Mass spectrometric data processing was performed using Progenesis QI software. Data processing followed the following workflow： raw data import， spectral peak alignment， featu

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a crucial enzyme involved in regulating insulin and leptin signaling pathways, making it a promising target for treating type 2 diabetes. In this study, we synthesized 14 derivatives of indole- and pyrazole-fused glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and evaluated their effects on PTP1B, using both its long (hPTP1B1-400) and short (hPTP1B1-285) forms. We analyzed enzymatic kinetics and selectivity over T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP). Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to understand the binding mode of the compounds within PTP1B. Untargeted metabolomics, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, assessed metabolic changes caused by the most potent PTP1B inhibitors in HepG2 cells. We also evaluated these inhibitors in vivo to determine their effects on insulin sensitivity through the insulin tolerance test (ITT) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Two compounds, 4b (indole-fused) and 5g (pyrazole-fused), showed greater potency against the long form of PTP1B compared to the short form, indicating that both compounds preferentially bind to the disordered C-terminal region of PTP1B. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies supported this finding. Furthermore, enzymatic kinetics revealed that compounds 4b and 5g function as uncompetitive inhibitors of PTP1B, with K i values of 0.32 and 0.72 μM, respectively. Notably, both GA derivatives exhibited more pronounced inhibition of PTP1B compared to the well-established inhibitors ursolic acid and Ertiprotafib, while also demonstrating selectivity over TCPTP. Metabolomic analysis revealed that these compounds increased pantothenic acid and glycine levels, while decreasing glucose and fatty acid levels in HepG2 cells, suggesting enhanced glycolysis and reduced lipogenesis. Both compounds exhibited low cytotoxicity in HFF-1 cells and significantly reduced glucose levels in the ITT in STZ-induced diabetic mice, outperforming the insulin-sensitizing drug Pioglitazone. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

CONTEXT: The protective effects of vitamins on the dopaminergic neurons and against alpha-synuclein toxicity indicate their possible contribution to Parkinson disease (PD) pathogenesis. Suboptimal status of pantothenic acid could play a potential role in neurodegeneration through impairment of coenzyme A synthesis. OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to summarize the available evidence concerning the link between pantothenic acid and the risk of PD. DATA SOURCES: We searched the databases of PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar with no date restrictions up to June 2025 to find original published literature on the relationship between pantothenic acid and PD. DATA EXTRACTION: We eliminated duplicated or unrelated studies and critically evaluated the findings of the screened studies, summarizing them descriptively. We also investigated possible mechanistic pathways relating to the connection between pantothenic acid and the risk of PD. DATA ANALYSIS: Of the 1208 citations obtained, 19 articles (3 dietary assessments and 16 metabolomics analysis studies) were included in the final review. Two out of 3 studies showed that high dietary consumption of pantothenic acid was associated with decreased odds of PD. Of 16 studies that performed metabolomics analysis of biofluids, brain structures, and fecal samples, all studies reported the recognition of pantothenic acid as an altered metabolite in PD patients compared with controls (reduced level, n = 12; increased level, n = 2; disturbed pathway, n = 2) and the identification of pantothenic acid as a metabolite that may be useful for differentiating the PD group from the healthy group. CONCLUSION: According to most of the evidence reported in this review, reductions in pantothenic acid levels or alterations of the pantothenate-coenzyme A biosynthesis pathway may be instrumental in the etiopathology of PD.The protocol of this study was registered and approved by the Deputy for Research and Technology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR.TBZMED.VCR.REC.1403.090) (https://ethics.research.ac.ir/ProposalCertificateEn.php?id=479859&Print), Tabriz, Iran. © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Pre

High-yielding dairy cows suffer from a high metabolic load and oxidative stress, which lead to systemic inflammation and metabolic disorders, increasing the susceptibility of these cows to various production diseases. Dihydromyricetin (DMY) has demonstrated potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory physiological functions; however, research into its application in ruminants remains limited. This study investigated whether DMY supplementation is associated with the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis through the regulation of gut microbiota and metabolite profiles. A total of 14 mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into two groups (n = 7 per group) and supplemented with DMY at 0 or 0.05% in their basal diet for 60 consecutive days. The effects of DMY on the blood biochemical indicators and the antioxidant capacity of the dairy cows were then determined. Alterations to the gut microbiome and the fecal and plasma metabolome were analyzed through 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The results showed that DMY significantly improved the activity of serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and presented a trend of increasing the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). The abundance of multiple fiber-degrading and beneficial commensal bacteria in the gut, including Fibrobacter_succinogenes, Ruminococcus_albus, and Turicibacter, was significantly elevated by the DMY intervention, accompanied by the upregulation of 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, myricetin, dihydro-3-coumaric acid, PGE1, L-leucine, nicotinuric acid, pantothenic acid, and pyruvate in the feces and plasma. Moreover, DMY supplementation notably reduced the abundance of potential pathogenic microbes, such as Chloroflexi, Deltaproteobacteria, RFP12, and Succinivibrio, and downregulated the levels of 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid, 12,13-DHOME (12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid), 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, niacin, and glycerol 3-phosphate. These differential metabolites were principally enriched in the mTOR signaling pathway; pantothenate, nicotinate, and thiamine metabolism; glutathione metabolism; and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. In summary, dietary supplementation with DMY increased the

Protein and fat concentrations in donor human milk (DHM) can vary twofold to threefold and are influenced by the number of unique donors per pool. The aim of this study was to broadly characterize how the number of donors (2-10) randomly combined into a pool during milk bank processing influenced the variability of macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive factors in DHM. The minimum number of donors required for 80% of the pools to meet pre-defined targets for true protein, fat, and disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) was also evaluated. Monte Carlo simulation was used to create models that accounted for donor lifetime donation volume and milk bank production constraints. Variability in nutrients was quantified as a Nutrient Inequality Index (NII) which was computed as the ratio of the 90th percentile to the 10th percentile for each simulation. Random multi-donor pooling of 2-10 donors produced lower variability in DHM macronutrients than most vitamins and minerals. A priori targets of 0.9 g/dL of true protein, 3.5 g/dL of fat, and 210 µg/L of DSLNT could not be achieved with any random pooling scenario. The NII for lactose stabilized at less than 1.1 when there were 3+ donors per pool, while the NII for fat and true protein stabilized at less than 1.3 when there were 5+ donors per pool. The NII exceeded 1.5, even at 10 donors per pool, for several micronutrients including zinc, copper, sodium, iron, biotin, riboflavin, B6, B12, and pantothenic acid. © 2025 The Author(s). Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The functional landscape of the skin microbiome is largely defined by dominant genera such as Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus, whereas rare commensals remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified Rothia kristinae BF00107, a skin-resident strain with a complete pantothenate biosynthesis pathway, as a novel postbiotic candidate with distinct dermatological benefits. BF00107 fermentation filtrate suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) in keratinocytes and restored extracellular matrix homeostasis in UVB-irradiated fibroblasts by upregulating COL1A1 expression and reducing MMP-1 levels. Consistent with the observed phenotypes, transcriptomic profiling revealed a strain-specific signature characterized by downregulation and upregulation of the expression of inflammatory mediators and barrier- and ECM-associated genes, respectively. Comparative genomics and metabolite profiling confirmed BF00107 as a unique high-pantothenate producer. Supplementation with pantothenic acid reproduced the anti-inflammatory and barrier-supporting effects of the strain, confirming its role as a key effector metabolite. Furthermore, BF00107 passed standard safety assessments, including the Human Repeat Insult Patch Test (HRIPT), Ames, and irritation tests, supporting its suitability for human applications. These findings establish the pantothenate-producing R. kristinae BF00107 as the first functionally validated Rothia strain with anti-inflammatory and photoaging-protective properties. This study expands the functional scope of the skin microbiome and highlights rare commensals as valuable reservoirs for safe, strain-specific postbiotic development.

INTRODUCTION: Resveratrol (RES), a natural plant polyphenolic compound, can be used as a dietary supplement and has shown good application after addition to monogastric animal diets, but fewer studies have been conducted in ruminants, especially in Tibetan sheep where no deeper studies have been made. In this study, we used 16S rRNA and metabolomics systems to investigate the effects of different doses of resveratrol added to the diets of Tibetan sheep on the microbial community structure and metabolomics of their rumen. RESULTS: The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in rumen papilla length in the H-RES group, along with elevated acetate and butyrate concentrations. Microbial analysis revealed significantly higher (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Firmicutes in the H-RES group, including the genera Prevotella and Ruminococcus. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant (p < 0.05) enrichment of amino acid metabolism-related pathways. In addition, specific microbial genera, Lactobacillus spp. and Ruminococcus spp. showed significant correlations with metabolites such as pantothenic acid and isoleucine, indicating differential regulatory effects. CONCLUSION: In summary, daily supplementation with 1.5 g of resveratrol (H-RES) improved rumen morphology and fermentation processes in Tibetan sheep. These improvements were closely related to changes in microbial community structure and metabolite interactions. The study of rumen microbial community structure and metabolite changes provides new ideas for regulating the rumen environment of Tibetan sheep.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Inflammation and oxidative stress are key factors contributing to the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis in chronic obstructive cholestasis. Pantothenic acid (PA) and some of its derivatives have been reported to exhibit moderate anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regenerative effects. This study aimed to evaluate the redox-modulating effects of PA derivatives-panthenol (PL), pantethine (PT), and hopantenic acid (HPA) in a rat model of chronic obstructive cholestasis induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL). METHODS: Macroscopic, histological, and ultrastructural alterations in the liver were assessed, along with molecular markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and parameters of the glutathione (GSH) system. RESULTS: BDL-induced liver injury was associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial structural alterations, depletion of GSH, increased levels of protein S-glutathionylation (PSSG), and elevated thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in mitochondria. Treatment with PL and, to a lesser extent, PT was associated with attenuation of hepatocellular ultrastructural damage, reduced bile duct hyperplasia, decreased inflammatory and necrotic changes, and moderate improvement in fibrosis-related parameters. In contrast, HPA (a PA antagonist) did not demonstrate hepatoprotective effects and it was associated with more pronounced liver injury. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic BDL is accompanied by suppression of glutathione redox capacity and enhanced oxidative stress. PL and PT, but not HPA, were associated with reduced levels of protein S-glutathionylation and partial restoration of redox balance. The protective effects of PL and PT may contribute to their antifibrotic activity, potentially through direct antioxidant capacity or redox-modulating mechanisms associated with the GSH system.

INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenia, characterised by age-associated decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, is driven by multifactorial mechanisms including oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and genomic instability. The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defence contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage, thereby affecting cellular metabolism and promoting muscle degeneration. Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), a potent antioxidant form of vitamin E, has shown potential in modulating oxidative and inflammatory pathways. However, in vivo evidence exploring TRF's multifaceted role in ageing muscle remains limited. This study investigates the correlation between oxidative stress and inflammation with the metabolomics profile in ageing skeletal muscle in a rat model and its modulation by tocotrienols. METHODS: Young (3 months) and old (21 months) male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control and TRF-supplemented groups (n = 10). TRF was administered orally (60 mg/kg/day) for 3 months. Antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation products: malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE); and inflammatory markers: C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were quantified, alongside DNA damage, using the comet assay. Muscle histology was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between selected metabolites and biological markers. RESULTS: Ageing significantly increased oxidative damage, pro-inflammatory markers, and DNA fragmentation, while reducing antioxidant enzyme activities and disrupting metabolic profiles. Although TRF supplementation did not significantly restore muscle mass or overall body composition, it effectively enhanced antioxidant defence by increasing Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, reducing lipid peroxidation (MDA and 4-HNE), attenuating inflammatory responses, preserving DNA integrity, and improving muscle histological features. Importantly, correlation analyses revealed that ageing is associated with a coordinated metabolic shift linking amino acid and carnitine metabolism with a

Ammonia acts as a key environmental pollutant in fish farming. Elevated ammonia concentrations can induce stress responses in fish, threatening their survival and growth. As a vital metabolic organ, the fish liver plays key roles in detoxification and immune defense. In the present study, juvenile hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) were subjected to ammonia stress at 4 mg/L (A4) and 8 mg/L (A8) over a 7-day period. Subsequently, multiple physiological aspects of the liver were assessed across several biological levels, encompassing histomorphology, oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, and metabolic profiles. The results showed that ammonia stress caused hepatic morphological alterations and triggered oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. In detail, MDA content and T-AOC and SOD activities were increased in the A4 and A8 groups (P < 0.05), and LPO content was increased in the A8 group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of nrf2, trx, tnfα, and il1β genes were upregulated in the A4 and A8 groups (P < 0.05); gpx and il8 genes were upregulated but il10 gene was downregulated in the A8 group (P < 0.05); nqo1 gene was downregulated in the A4 group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the hepatic metabolite profiles were perturbed, particularly "histidine metabolism" and "biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine" pathways. Additionally, several functional metabolites, including L-tryptophan, indole, carnosine, citric acid, sphingosine, pantothenic acid, and inositol, were emerged as potential candidate biomarkers. These findings demonstrated that ammonia stress could induce physiological dysfunction in the liver of groupers through a cascade of tissue damage, activated oxidative stress, disrupted inflammatory responses and altered metabolic profiles, and such adverse effects were markedly aggravated with the increase in ammonia concentration. Future research should focus on long-term ammonia exposure, concentration-time dose effects, and multi-omics integration to clarify the underlying response mechanisms. © 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation of the colonic mucosa. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dexpanthenol in an acetic acid-induced model of colitis in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Control (intracolonic saline), dexpanthenol, acetic acid (A.A; 4% acetic acid-induced colitis), and treatment (A.A + dexpanthenol 500). Colitis was induced by intracolonic administration of 4% acetic acid. After 7 days, macroscopic and histopathological evaluations of the colon were performed. The mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and VEGF were assessed using real-time PCR. Stool consistency, colon length, and colon weight-to-length ratio were also measured. RESULTS: Dexpanthenol administration significantly ameliorated acetic acid-induced colitis. The A.A + dexpanthenol group showed partial restoration of colon length, improved stool consistency, and a reduced colon weight-to-length ratio compared with the A.A group. Histopathological analysis demonstrated reduced mucosal damage and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in dexpanthenol-treated rats. In addition, dexpanthenol significantly decreased IL-6 and VEGF mRNA expression compared with the A.A group (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Dexpanthenol exerts protective effects against experimental ulcerative colitis in rats by attenuating inflammation, improving tissue integrity, and downregulating IL-6 and VEGF gene expression. These findings suggest its potential as a supportive therapeutic agent in ulcerative colitis. © 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential role of oxidative and inflammatory status in saliva during the healing of denture-related traumatic ulcers, applying various topical agents. DESIGN: The prospective cohort study included 100 participants with denture-related traumatic ulcers, divided into five groups: traumatic ulcers that were not treated and treated with topical agents (0.2% hyaluronic acid gel, 0.3% hyaluronic acid-taurine gel, a gel based on an herbal preparation, and panthenol mouthwash) for seven days. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected. Oxidative stress parameters were determined spectrophotometrically. Inflammatory markers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The values of superoxide anion radical, index of lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide were significantly decreased in groups that used gels based on hyaluronic acid or hyaluronic acid-taurine compared to other groups (P < 0.05); conversely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the levels of interleukin-10 and VEGF were significantly increased in the hyaluronic acid or hyaluronic acid-taurine groups in comparison to other treatments (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hyaluronic acid or hyaluronic acid-taurine gels were associated with pronounced changes in salivary biomarkers, reflecting improvements in redox status, inflammation balance, and angiogenesis. The current research may help clarify the potential molecular mechanisms influencing the healing of traumatic ulcers after the placement of new removable dentures using various topical agents, with due consideration of study limitations.

Methotrexate (MTX)-induced nephrotoxicity remains a clinically relevant limitation associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Dexpanthenol (DEX), a pantothenic acid derivative, has demonstrated cytoprotective properties; however, its effects on MTX-induced renal injury and related molecular pathways are not fully elucidated. This study investigated the potential renoprotective effects of DEX with a focus on inflammation- and redox-associated signaling. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: Control, MTX, MTX + DEX, and DEX. Renal injury was assessed by histopathology, immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-3, NF-κB, and TNF-α, biochemical parameters (urea and creatinine), and RT-qPCR analysis of SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF2, and HO-1 gene expression. MTX administration resulted in marked renal damage characterized by tubular degeneration, hyperemia, and inflammatory infiltration, accompanied by increased caspase-3, NF-κB, and TNF-α expression (p < 0.001). MTX also significantly suppressed SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF2, and HO-1 gene expression (p < 0.001). DEX co-treatment attenuated histopathological injury and significantly reduced pro-inflammatory and apoptotic markers while restoring SIRT1, PGC-1α, and HO-1 expression (p < 0.01-0.001), with a non-significant upward trend in NRF2 levels. Biochemically, DEX reduced MTX-induced urea and creatinine elevation. DEX confers significant protection against MTX-induced renal injury, likely through modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress-related regulatory pathways and attenuation of apoptosis. These findings support the potential of DEX as a pharmacological candidate for mitigating drug-induced nephrotoxicity; however, further studies at the protein and functional levels are warranted. © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis in children primarily affecting the coronary arteries, and studies suggest that the gut microbiota may be involved in KD pathogenesis, inflammatory responses, and immune regulation. This study employed an integrative multi-omics strategy to systematically investigate gut microbiota-metabolite interactions in KD. Key molecular targets were identified using network-based analyses and machine learning models, with Mendelian randomization providing causal validation. Single-cell transcriptomics and molecular docking further elucidated immune cell interactions and metabolite-protein binding, highlighting critical regulatory pathways. We identified SELP as a core molecular target in KD, predominantly expressed in platelets and involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, including palmitoylethanolamide, pantothenic acid, and 1-O-caffeoylglycerol, may regulate immune cell interactions via the RESISTIN signalling pathway. Altered abundances of microbial taxa such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Bifidobacterium suggest their potential role in inflammation modulation. Activation of IL-17, TNF, MAPK, and PI3K-Akt pathways further contributes to disease progression, highlighting the microbiota-metabolite-SELP axis as a potential therapeutic target in KD. These findings lay the groundwork for subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies, advancing the development of microbiome-based intervention strategies.

'Lane Late' (LL) is a late-ripening navel orange consumed in spring and summer. Increased orange production and consumption generate peel waste. To utilize the pectin resource from LL orange peel, this study optimized the ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides through response surface methodology and characterized the purified fraction (LLLP-1), achieving a crude yield of 12.0% and a pectin isolation yield of 18.4%. LLLP-1 was homogeneous (Mw 53.55 kDa, polydispersity index 1.40), amorphous, low-methyl-esterified and acetylated, with a water solubility of 80 mg/mL at 25 °C. Its HG region consisted of α-D-GalpA (45%, molar ratio), while the RG-I region contained α-L-Araf (26%) and α-D-Galp (21%) residues linked to α-L-Rhap. The RG-II region contained →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1 → (2.3%), →3,4)-β-D-GlcpA-(1 → (1.4%), as well as trace amounts of →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → (0.84%), →4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → (0.62%) and L-Fucp (0.42%). LLLP-1 exhibited anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities against alcoholic liver injury. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed enrichment of pectin-degrading bacteria (Bacteroidia and Clostridia) together with beneficial taxa (Akkermansia and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes), alongside suppression of inflammation-associated Helicobacter and Lachnospiraceae UCG001. KEGG pathway prediction suggested regulation of secondary bile acids, carbohydrate and vitamin metabolism, validated by elevated levels of ursodeoxycholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, pantothenic acid, glucuronic acid, and gut short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate). In conclusion, this study provides a foundation for the utilization of LL orange peel as a functional ingredient against alcoholic liver injury.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease features chronic inflammation and epithelial barrier loss, driven by apoptosis, necroptosis, and oxidative stress. Dexpanthenol (DEX), a pantothenic acid derivative and CoA precursor, has antioxidant and tissue-protective properties, but its efficacy in colitis is unclear. METHODS: Thirty-two 8-week-old female Wistar albino rats were randomized to Control, Colitis, Colitis+DEX (500 mg/kg i.p. for 5 days after induction), or DEX-only (n = 8/group). Colitis was induced by intrarectal 4% acetic acid. Colonic tissues underwent H&E histology, immunohistochemistry for caspase-3, IL-6, and TNF-α, and qRT-PCR for p53, RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, BCL2, BAX, and caspase-9. RESULTS: Colitis caused severe mucosal ulceration, crypt destruction, and dense inflammatory infiltration, with upregulation of pro-apoptotic (p53, BAX, caspase-9) and necroptotic (RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL) genes, and increased IL-6 and TNF-α. DEX significantly ameliorated these changes, restoring mucosal integrity, reducing inflammatory infiltrates, and improving crypt architecture. Molecularly, DEX downregulated p53, BAX, caspase-9, RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL, while immunohistochemistry showed decreased caspase-3, IL-6, and TNF-α versus untreated colitis. CONCLUSION: DEX confers robust protection in acetic-acid colitis by modulating apoptotic and necroptotic pathways and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines. These preclinical findings support DEX as a barrier-centric, promising epithelial-protective strategy warranting further evaluation for inflammatory bowel disease, including pediatric contexts. IMPACT: Key message: In a young-rat acetic-acid colitis model, dexpanthenol (DEX) preserved mucosal architecture and suppressed inflammation by modulating epithelial cell-death programs. Added value: DEX simultaneously downregulated apoptotic (p53, BAX, Caspase-9) and necroptotic (RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL) pathways while restoring BCL2-a dual mechanism not previously reported in colitis models. IMPACT: Suggests that DEX may function as a barrier-centric protective strategy, potentially complementing biologics that target downstream cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6). Clinical outlook: Supports t

Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity converges on oxidative-nitrosative stress, TLR4/NF-κB-driven inflammation, and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis, and remains a major dose-limiting complication of anthracycline therapy. Dexpanthenol (DEX), a coenzyme A precursor, has shown anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activity in diverse organ-injury models, but its cardioprotective potential against DOX has not been systematically evaluated. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of DEX against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 7): Control, DOX (single 25 mg/kg i.p. on day 1), DOX + DEX (DOX on day 1 followed by 500 mg/kg/day DEX for eight days), and DEX (500 mg/kg/day for eight days). TLR4, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, MDA, SOD, and GSH were quantified by ELISA in both serum and cardiac tissue; caspase-3 and GFAP were quantified in cardiac tissue. Cardiac TAS, TOS, OSI, NO, and iNOS were also measured. Myocardial sections were graded for seven histopathological parameters by a blinded pathologist. DOX produced a robust cardiotoxic phenotype, with elevations in inflammatory, oxidative, nitrosative, and apoptotic markers, depletion of antioxidant defenses, and marked histopathological injury. Co-administration of DEX attenuated TLR4/NF-κB/TNF-α signaling in both compartments, reduced caspase-3 and GFAP, normalized TAS and OSI, and significantly improved five of seven histopathological parameters after multiplicity adjustment. Protection was selective: cardiac SOD, GSH, NO, and total oxidant status were only partially restored, and inflammatory cell infiltration was unchanged. DEX exerts a partial but mechanistically coherent cardioprotective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, chiefly through attenuation of TLR4/NF-κB-driven inflammation and caspase-3 signaling. These findings support its evaluation as a multi-target adjunct in cardio-oncology. © 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to investigate the presence of prostaglandin analogues in serums designed to promote eyelash growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A qualitative study was carried out on 79 cosmetic products promising longer, thicker and/or fuller eyelashes. In this sample of products, we identified those that were formulated with prostaglandin analogues. RESULTS: The serums studied are mainly hydroalcoholic solutions. About 30% of them contain a prostaglandin analogue. Six prostaglandin analogues were found, including bimatoprost and norbimatoprost. The most common are ethyl tafluprostamide, also known as dechloro dihydroxy difluoro ethyl cloprostenolamine (DDDE), and isopropyl cloprostenate. The other serums are formulated with harmless ingredients such as castor oil, amino acids, panthenol, peptides and peptide derivatives. CONCLUSION: Serums containing prostaglandin analogues are therefore available on the market and are promoted as eyelash growth treatments. They pose a number of problems as they are not regulated for use in cosmetic products.

BACKGROUND: Diffuse hair loss and shedding is often managed with food supplements, yet evidence for ingredient combinations is limited. Our exploratory study evaluated a nutritional supplement (Priorin capsules, Bayer) containing millet extract, pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), L-cystine, and biotin (vitamin B7) in healthy subjects with light diffuse hair loss. METHODS: In this open-label, intra-individual, multicenter study, subjects with non-illness-related, light diffuse hair loss used the product (two capsules/day) for 12 weeks. Endpoints included objective measurements of hair density, hair growth coefficient, and hair loss (phototrichogram), subjective evaluations of hair appearance, beauty and volume (hairdresser-rated), consumer perception and acceptance, and tolerability. RESULTS: In 112 subjects (mean age 32 ± 1 years; 93.8% female), hair density (n = 109) and the proportion of hairs in the anagen phase increased significantly, while the telogen proportion decreased (p < 0.001, week 12 vs. baseline). Hair loss had declined by 59% at week 12 (p < 0.001). Significant improvements in the hairdresser-rated hair quality and appearance parameters (shine, softness/elasticity, strength, smoothness, dryness, vitality, volume) were observed (p < 0.001). From week 2, subjects reported progressive improvement in appearance, growth, and slowing of hair loss. At week 12, 90% of subjects perceived improved hair appearance and growth, 85% reported slowing down of hair loss, and 82% were satisfied with the overall hair improvements with treatment. The supplement was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of millet extract, pantothenic acid, L-cystine, and biotin was associated with reduced hair loss, improv

The etiology of alopecia is so complex that current therapies with single-mechanism and attendant side-effects during long-term usage, are insufficient for treatment. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) is supposed to treat alopecia with multiple mechanisms, but difficult to penetrate skin efficiently due to water-solubility. Here, we designed water-in-oil microemulsion (PNS ME) using jojoba oil, fractioned coconut oil, RH 40 + Span 80 and cosurfactant D-panthenol, to help PNS penetrating the skin. Particularly, D-panthenol not only enlarges the microemulsion area, reduces the usage amounts of surfactants thus relieves skin irritation, but stimulates the migration of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), displaying cooperative effects on anti-alopecia. PNS ME penetrates through sebum-rich corneum via high-affinity lipid fusion, targets to hair follicles (HFs), where it resides in skin for sustained drug release, accelerates angiogenesis to build well-nourished environment for HFs, and facilitates the proliferation and migration of DPCs in vitro. PNS ME markedly improved hair density, skin pigmentation, new hair weig

BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common and chronic problem characterized by hair follicle miniaturization. AIMS: In this study, heat-treated Limosilactobacillus fermentum LM1020 (HT-LM1020) was investigated in human follicle dermal papilla cell (HFDPC), scalp tissue, and clinical trials for patients with AGA. PATIENTS/METHODS: Cell proliferation and the expression of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) were measured in HFDPC. The relative gene expression of 5α-reductase and growth factors were investigated in hair scalp. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted over 24 weeks. Primary efficacy was evaluated by measuring hair density, and secondary efficacy was assessed by experts and self-assessment. Changes in the microbiota of the hair scalps were analyzed using 16S metagenome amplicon sequencing. RESULTS: HT-LM1020 promoted cell growth (p < 0.001) and cyclin B1 expression, and it reduced 5α-reductase and induced fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), FGF10, and epithelial growth factor7 (EGF7) (p < 0.001). In the clinical trial, the experimental group demonstrated an increase in hair density from 133.70 to 148.87 n/cm2 at Week 24 (p < 0.001), while also expressing satisfaction with their hair density, reduced hair loss, and hairline. At Week 24, the total

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is a common and debilitating condition in children, with limited research on its characteristics and treatment. Therefore, this study aims to describe the characteristics of pediatric patients with CIA and the treatment outcomes of topical minoxidil and L-cystine, medicinal yeast, and pantothenic acid complex-based dietary supplements (CYP). This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patien

The sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (hSMVT) encoded by the SLC5A6 gene is required for the intestinal absorption of biotin, pantothenic acid and lipoate, three micronutrients essential for normal growth and development. Systemic deficiency of these elements, either occurring from nutritional causes or genetic defects, is associated with neurological disorders, growth delay, skin and hair changes, metabolic and immunological abnormalities. A few patients with biallelic variants of SLC5A6 have been reported, exhibiting a spectrum of neurological and systemic clinical features with variable severity. We describe three patients from a single family carrying a homozygous p.(Leu566Valfs*33) variant of SLC5A6 disrupting the frame of the C-terminal portion of the hSMVT. In these patients, we documented a severe disorder featuring developmental delay, sensory polyneuropathy, optic atrophy, recurrent infections, and repeated episodes of intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Two patients who did not receive multivitamin supplementation therapy died in early infancy. In a third patient, early supplementation of biotin and pantothenic acid stabilized the clinical picture changing the course of the disease. These findings extend genotype-phenotype correlations and show how a timely and lifelong multivitamin treatment may be crucial to reduce the risk of life-threatening events in patients with pathogenic varian

BACKGROUND: Although vitamins or their derivatives (Vits), such as panthenyl ethyl ether, tocopherol acetate, and pyridoxine, have been widely used in topical hair care products, their efficacy and mode of action have been insufficiently studied. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the biological influence of Vits on hair follicles and determine the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: A mouse vibrissa hair follicle organ culture model was utilized to evaluate the effects of Vits on hair shaft elongation. Gene and protein expression analyses and histological investigations were conducted to elucidate the responsible mechanisms. A human hair follicle cell culture was used to assess the clinical relevance. RESULTS: In organ culture models, the combination of panthenyl ethyl ether, tocopherol acetate, and pyridoxine (namely, PPT) supplementation significantly promoted hair shaft elongation. PPT treatment enhanced hair matrix cell proliferation by 1.9-fold compared to controls, as demonstrated by Ki67-positive immunoreactivity. PPT-treated mouse dermal papillae exhibited upregulated Placental growth factor (Plgf) by 1.6-fold compared to controls. Importantly, the addition of PlGF neutralizing antibodies to the ex vivo culture diminished the promotive effect on hair growth and increase in VEGFR-1 phosphorylation achieved by PPT. A VEGFR-1 inhibitor also inhibited the promotion of hair growth. Microarray analysis suggested synergistic summation of individual Vits' bioactivity, putatively

Dexpanthenol (D-panthenol) is a precursor of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) and is widely used for dietary supplements and topical applications. D-panthenol has long been used in hair care products for the purpose of anti-hair loss, its effects and the underlying mechanisms, however, were barely reported. In this study, the effects of D-panthenol on human hair follicle cells, including dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and outer root sheath cells (hORSCs), were investigated. D-panthenol enhanced the cell viability, increasing the cellular proliferation marker Ki67 in cultured hDPCs. The markers for apoptosis (Caspase3/9) and cell senescence (p21/p16), reported to be expressed in aged or resting phase follicles, were significantly reduced by D-panthenol. Anagen-inducing factors (ALP; β-catenin; versican), which trigger or elongate the anagen phase, were stimulated by D-panthenol. On the other hand, D-panthenol reduced TGF-β1 expressions in both mRNA and protein levels. The expression of VEGF, which is important for peripheral blood vessel activation; was up-regulated by D-panthenol treatment. In cultured hORSCs, cell proliferation and viability were enhanced, while the mRNA expression of cell senescence markers (p21/p16) was significantly down-regulated. The expressions of both VEGF and its receptor (VEGFR) were up-regulated by D-panthenol. In conclusion, our data suggest that the hair growth stimulating activity of D-panthenol was exerted by increasing the cell viability, suppressing the apoptotic markers, and elongating the anagen phase in hair follicles.

OBJECTIVE: Increasing hair fullness is a global unmet need for many men and women. An approach to the problem is to decrease hair fall or shedding by reducing scalp stratum corneum oxidation and barrier damage to increase hair retention. This study evaluated a combination of functional antioxidants and barrier-enhancing cosmetic ingredients to improve scalp condition thereby enabling stronger hair anchorage and longer retention. METHODS: Male and female subjects with normal scalp condition and self-perceived hair thinning participated in a 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical study assessing either a regimen of treatment shampoo and leave-on treatment containing functional antioxidant and barrier-enhancing agents or an identical placebo chassis shampoo control. The functional ingredients were piroctone olamine, zinc pyrithione, zinc carbonate, niacinamide, panthenol and caffeine. At baseline and after 8, 16 and 24 weeks of product use, several measurements were taken: hair shedding, total hair count (by phototrichogram), hair samples, TEWL and evaluation of biomarkers of scalp and hair conditions. Subjects also completed self-assessment questionnaires. RESULTS: Statistically significant effects for functional ingredient-containing treatment regimen versus a placebo control shampoo formulation were observed for reduced hair shedding, increased total hair count, reduced TEWL and improvement in scalp biomarker values. Subjects also noticed these improvements assessed via self-assessment questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS: These result

BACKGROUND: There are only a few drugs that have been used for the treatment of female pattern hair loss (FPHL). AIMS: Through use of the Dermatologic Life Quality Index (DLQI) and a modified hair growth questionnaire, we aimed to evaluate the effect of dexpanthenol (DXP) as a new option for FPHL. METHODS: Women who received 500 mg intramuscular DXP weekly for FPHL were included in this study. They were evaluated in terms of DLQI and laboratory characteristics, before and after DXP treatment, and were examined with a modified hair growth questionnaire. RESULTS: Overall satisfaction with the appearance of the hair was described by the patients as 57.1% " I am satisfied," 28.6% "I am very satisfied," and 14.3% "I am neutral (neither satisfied nor dissatisfied)." There was a statistical difference between the mean DLQI scores before and after DXP treatment (P < .001). No statistical difference was found in the laboratory characteristics of the patients before and after DXP treatment (P > 0.05). No side effect was reported during DXP treatment. CONCLUSION: Dexpanthenol is a safe and novel drug that may increase the quality of life in patients with FPHL. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Telogen effluvium is one of the most common causes of alopecia. It is a scalp disorder characterized by excessive shedding of hair. Several factors such as drugs, trauma, and emotional and physiological stress can lead to the development of telogen effluvium. Multiple alterations in the hair cycle have been proposed as the underlying mechanism. Telogen effluvium can present as acute or chronic hair fall with symptoms such as trichodynia. Diagnostic tests that can be used include hair wash test, trichogram, phototrichogram, and scalp biopsy. In the treatment of telogen effluvium, it is essential to identify and remove the causative factors and to use drugs such as corticosteroids, minoxidil, and novel treatments such as CNPDA (caffeine, niacinamide, panthenol, dimethicone, and an acrylate polymer). Herein, we discuss the presentation, diagnostic approaches, and effective treatment options available for telogen effluvium.