Biotin (Hair)

80. An Bras Dermatol. 2024 Jul-Aug;99(4):581-584. doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.07.008. Epub 2024 Apr 30. Efficacy of 5% topical minoxidil versus 5 mg oral biotin versus topical minoxidil and oral biotin on hair growth in men: randomized, crossover, clinical trial. Valentim FO(1), Miola AC(1), Miot HA(1), Schmitt JV(2). Author information: (1)Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. (2)Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected]. DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.07.008 PMCID: PMC11221127 PMID: 38688776 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Combination therapy with biotin and dexpanthenol is a well-known practice in preventing and treating hair loss, however, it is not well studied. In this study, we compared the efficacy of the 6-week treatment with two brands of biotin and dexpanthenol for the treatment of diffuse hair loss. Fifty eligible patients with diffused pattern hair loss, (41 women and 9 men) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 6 weekly injections of dexpanthenol ampoule 250 mg/2 ml and biotin ampoule 5 mg/1 ml, manufactured by Pars Behvarzan or Bayer Company. Combing test, Standard scalp photography and trichoscan assessment were performed before the first treatment session and one and 8 weeks after the last one. Patients' satisfaction and drug adverse reactions were also recorded. One and eight weeks after the last treatment session, hair fall count and total hair density significantly improved in both groups (p-value <0.01 for hair fall count and 0.04 and 0.02, for hair density in Pars and Bayer groups, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two groups in any other trichoscan parameter, except for improvement in terminal/vellus hair ratio in the Bayer group in both follow up visits, compared to the Pars group (p-value = 0.02 and 0.033 for weeks one and eight). Six-week treatment with both brands of biotin and dexpanthenol was effective and safe in people with diffused pattern hair loss. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Inner ear hair cells play a major role in the auditory pathway that converts sound stimulation into electrical signals, and then into a neural code. However this function is often lost by aminoglycoside ototoxicity. The injury of inner ear hair cells from aminoglycoside treatment is considered apoptosis, and caspase is an important participant in the apoptosis pathway in many organs. It has been reported that calpain, a calcium-dependent protease, is essential for mediation and promotion of cell death. The purpose of the present study was to investigate effects of caspase and calpain inhibitors on the inner ear hair cells after aminoglycoside treatment, and to explore the cell death pathway. Cochlea explant cultures were prepared from mice of postnatal 6 days, cultured with neomycin and/or protease inhibitors, and then stained with phalloidin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (phalloidin-FITC), which was used as a marker to identify surviving hair cells. We demonstrated that neomycin (0.1-1 mM) reduced the number of outer hair cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we showed that leupeptin, a calpain inhibitor, significantly protects against the neomycin-induced loss of outer hair cells, whereas a caspase inhibitor was effective only against a lower concentration of neomycin (0.2 mM). Using the TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick and labeling method, we also found that a calpain inhibitor, but not a caspase inhibitor, prevents apoptotic DNA fragmentation after treatment with 1 mM neomycin. These results suggest that calpain, rather than caspase, may be responsible for apoptosis induced by aminoglycoside. Thus, leupeptin may prevent hearing loss from aminoglycoside ototoxity.

58. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1972;42(4):555-64. [Effectiveness of biotin and folic acid supplementation in zinc deficiency]. [Article in German] Pallauf J, Kirchgessner M.

BACKGROUND: Infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (ISD) is a chronic, inflammatory, scaling skin condition, which causes redness and a greasy scaling rash in infants and young children. It can last from weeks to months, but rarely years. When it occurs on the scalp, it is referred to as 'cradle cap'. While benign and self-limiting, irrelevant of its location on the body, it can distress parents. The effectiveness of commonly promoted treatments is unclear. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of interventions for infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis in children from birth to 24 months of age. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the following databases up to 22 May 2018: Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS. We searched trials registers and checked reference lists of included studies for further references to randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We searched for unpublished RCTs and grey literature via web search engines, and wrote to authors and pharmaceutical companies. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included RCTs of interventions for ISD in children from birth up to 24 months who were clinically diagnosed by a healthcare practitioner with ISD or cradle cap. We allowed comparison of any treatment to no treatment or placebo, and the comparison of two or more treatments or a combination of treatments. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. The primary outcome measures were 'Change in severity score from baseline to end of study' and 'Percentage of infants treated who develop adverse effects or intolerance to treatment'. The secondary outcome was 'Improvement in quality of life (QoL) as reported by parents'. MAIN RESULTS: We included six RCTs (one with a cross-over design) randomising 310 children and reporting outcomes for 297 children. Most participants were aged under seven months with only two participants aged over one year (seven and 12 years old); where specified, 60% were boys. In two studies, condition severity was mild to moderate; one study included two participants with severe ISD; the other studies did not describe baseline severity or described it as body surface area affected.The s

PURPOSE: Athletes are at increased risk for functional constipation due to high-intensity training, irregular diets, and disrupted circadian rhythms. Soluble fibers, particularly konjac glucomannan (KGM), have shown potential in alleviating constipation, but clinical evidence, especially in athletes, is limited. This study aimed to assess the effects of an 8-week KGM intervention on gastrointestinal symptoms and gut microbiota in elite male Taekwondo athletes with functional constipation. METHODS: In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, we enrolled male elite Taekwondo athletes diagnosed with functional constipation according to Rome IV criteria. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either KGM supplementation (dietary intervention group, DG) or placebo (control group, CG) for 8 weeks. Primary outcomes included the Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC-SYM), Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QoL), bowel movement frequency (BMF), Bristol Stool Scale, and the Bowel Function Index (BFI). Stool samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to evaluate microbial composition and diversity. RESULTS: Compared to the placebo group, the KGM group exhibited significant improvements in PAC-SYM, PAC-QoL, BMF, and BFI scores (p < 0.05 for all). Microbial analysis revealed a marked increase in α-diversity and elevated relative abundances of Prevotella_9, Phascolarctobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and members of the Prevotellaceae family, alongside reduced levels of Alistipes and Desulfovibrio. Correlation analyses indicated a strong association between microbial shifts and symptom improvement. Functional predictions further suggested differential expression in microbial metabolic pathways, including upregulation of biotin biosynthesis I and nitrate reduction VI (assimilatory), and downregulation of L-methionine biosynthesis III (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Konjac glucomannan significantly ameliorated gastrointestinal symptoms in elite athletes with functional constipation, potentially via modulation of the gut microbiota. © 2025. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Background Biotin, a vital cofactor for carboxylase enzymes, plays a key role in metabolic processes, while silica is believed to support collagen synthesis, contributing to improved skin and hair health. This study investigates the dermatological benefits of standardized plant-based supplements formulated with biotin derived from Sesbania grandiflora and a biotin-silica blend extracted from Bambusa arundinacea. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled 105 participants, with 97 completing the 90-day study. Participants received either Treatment A (placebo), Treatment B (botanical extract of standardised for biotin, 1.25 mg orally administered), or Treatment C (botanical extract of standardised for biotin with silica, 1.25 mg biotin with 21.75 mg silica orally administered). Efficacy was evaluated through clinical and instrumental assessments of hair fall and growth rate, skin elasticity, hydration, wrinkle reduction, and nail texture. Results In the post-90-day evaluation, hair fall reduced to 20.61 ± 14.39 (p < 0.001) in biotin and 15.71 ± 10.8 (p < 0.001) in biotin with silica. Hair growth rate increased by 0.55 mm/day (p < 0.0001) in biotin and 0.57 mm/day (p < 0.0001) in biotin with silica. Nail roughness reduced to 0.09 ± 0.29 (p < 0.0001) in biotin and 0.06 ± 0.25 (p < 0.0001) in biotin with silica. Skin elasticity increased to 0.15 ± 0.06 (p < 0.0001) in biotin and 0.17 ± 0.12 (p < 0.0001) in biotin with the silica group. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion Incorporating Orgen-Bio® and RGen-Si™ into a daily routine may support overall skin, hair, and nail health. The synergistic blend enhances elasticity, reduces wrinkles, boosts hydration, strengthens hair, and improves nail quality-offering effective, long-term cosmetic and structural benefits.

PURPOSE: To determine whether green banana powder (GBP) and pineapple fibre powder (PFP) promote beneficial bacterial species, directly improve human gut health and modulate the gut microbiome and understand their utility as functional foods and dietary supplements. METHODS: Over 14 days, 60 adults followed protocol requirements, completed food diaries and study questionnaires, avoided consuming supplements with prebiotics, probiotics or postbiotics, and ingested food containing 5 g of total daily fibre [placebo (10.75 g), GBP (10.75 g) or PFP (7.41 g)]. Participants' medical and baseline wellness histories, as well as stool samples, were collected at baseline, day 7 and 14. Stool DNA was processed for sequencing. RESULTS: Dietary fibre and resistant starches (RS) in GBP and PFP promoted temporal increases in beneficial bacteria. GBP significantly elevated 7 species (F. prausnitzii, B. longum, B. bifidum, B. adolescentis, B. pseudocatenulatum, B. obeum, and R. inulinivorans), while PFP enriched 6 species (B. ovatus, B. cellulosilyticus, B. bifidum, B. intestinalis, R. inulinivorans, and E. siraeum). These bacteria, found to be deficient in younger adults, were promoted by both powders. PFP benefitted both genders aged 16-23, while GBP benefitted overweight/obese individuals, including females. GBP and PFP fiber and RS improved bowel regularity and health as well as metabolism by promoting histidine, branched-chain amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, and biotin production. The additional fiber caused "low" bloatedness and reduced "fairly bad" sleep disruptions, without affecting sleep durations. CONCLUSION: GBP and PFP supplementation increased beneficial bacteria and metabolites, improved host gut health, and present a valuable nutritional strategy for enhancing human health. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: AMILI Institutional Review Board, Identifier 2023/0301.

BACKGROUND: Non-scarring alopecia, including androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, and telogen effluvium, is highly prevalent and often associated with significant psychosocial burden. Although treatments such as minoxidil and finasteride are available, variability in response and tolerability concerns have increased interest in alternative therapeutic approaches. Polyphenolic compounds have attracted attention due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of oral and topical polyphenolic interventions for hair regeneration in adults with non-scarring alopecia. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD420251230149). Randomized, blinded controlled trials were included. Primary outcomes were objective trichoscopic measures, including hair density and total area hair count. RESULTS: Thirty-two randomized controlled trials involving 2,183 participants were analyzed. Compared with controls, polyphenolic interventions significantly improved hair density (SMD 0.90; 95% CI 0.51-1.30) and total area hair count (SMD 1.03; 95% CI 0.42-1.63), although substantial heterogeneity was observed. Direct comparisons with minoxidil did not show significant differences in overall hair count outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence suggests that selected polyphenolic formulations may represent a potential adjunctive therapeutic approach in non-scarring alopecia, though further standardized and long-term trials are warranted.

Our study aims to investigate the impact of probiotic consumption during pregnancy on gut microbiota functional diversity in healthy pregnant women. Thirty-two pregnant women were randomly assigned to two groups. The probiotic group (PG) consisted of pregnant women who consumed triple viable Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii bulgaricus, and Streptococcus thermophilus tablets from the 32nd week of pregnancy until delivery. The functional profiles of the gut microbiota were predicted through high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing results using PICRUSt software and referencing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. In the gut microbiota of the PG, the genera Blautia and Ruminococcus, as well as the species Subdoligranulum, showed significantly higher relative abundances compared to the control group (CG) (P < 0.05). At Level 1 of the KEGG signaling pathways, there was a significant reduction in the functional genes of the gut microbiota involved in Organismal Systems in the PG (P < 0.05). In Level 2 of the KEGG signaling pathways, there was a significant reduction in the functional genes of the gut microbiota involved in Infectious Disease in the PG (P < 0.05). In Level 3 of the KEGG signaling pathways, the PG exhibited a significant increase in the functional genes of the gut microbiota involved in ABC transporters, Oxidative phosphorylation, Folate biosynthesis, and Biotin metabolism (P < 0.05). The CG showed a significant increase in the functional genes related to Cysteine and methionine metabolism, Vitamin B6 metabolism, Tuberculosis, and Vibrio cholerae pathogenic cycle (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest that probiotic supplementation during pregnancy has a significant impact on functional metabolism in healthy pregnant women. IMPORTANCE: Probiotics are considered beneficial to human health. There is limited understanding of how probiotic consumption during pregnancy affects the functional diversity of the gut microbiota. The aim of our study is to investigate the impact of probiotic consumption during pregnancy on the functional diversity of the gut microbiota. Our findings suggest that probiotic supplementatio

PURPOSE: Collagen supplements are rising in the market as collagen has been demonstrated to be an important protein in the human aging process. Also, it is safe and easily absorbed in the body. Hence the aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness and safety of a collagen and antioxidant-rich treatment compared to a placebo in relation to various skin and hair indicators in healthy adult human subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty healthy adult non-pregnant/non-lactating women (aged 38-50 years) provided their informed consent in writing before their participation. Skin Radiance Collagen (SRC) treatment and a placebo were assessed for efficacy before application on Day 1, and post-application on Days 28 and 56, to measure changes in skin elasticity, hydration, brightness, pigmentation; texture, wrinkles, dryness, smoothness, fine lines, changes in the crow's feet region; as well as hair strength and hair fall. RESULTS: It was observed after 56 days that therapy with SRC, compared to placebo, produced a substantial effect on reduction of wrinkle depth and fine lines by 48.11% and 39%, respectively, with p-value <0.01 in the test group. There was a 15.69% improvement in skin hydration observed and 28% reduction in hair fall with p-value <0.01. CONCLUSION: SRC, a combination of collagen with hyaluronic acid (HA), biotin, and vitamins C and E, showed a significant improvement in skin and hair health, including improvements in skin elasticity, skin hydration, reduction in crow's feet area wrinkles and fine lines, hair fall, and decrease in roughness, leading to improved skin texture. Vitamin C in the formulation also acts as a collagen builder for the body and helps in preventing oxidative stress in the body. The test treatment SRC was found to be efficacious and safe in healthy human adult subjects. © 2024 Trehan et al.

Biotin (BI) and cobalamin (CA) are essential for rumen propionate production and hepatic gluconeogenesis. The study evaluated the influence of BI or/and coated CA (CCA) on milk performance and nutrient digestion in cows. Sixty Holstein dairy cows were assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and randomised block design to four groups. The factors were BI at 0 or 20 mg/day and CCA at 0 or 9 mg CA/day. Dry matter intake increased with BI addition but was unchanged with CCA supply. Addition of BI or CCA increased fat-corrected milk, milk fat and milk protein yields and feed efficiency. Moreover, lactose yield was increased by CCA addition. Dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and acid detergent fibre total-tract digestibility increased for BI or CCA supply. When CCA was supplemented, positive response of neutral detergent fibre digestibility to BI addition was enhanced. Supplementing BI did not affect pH, propionate content and acetate to propionate ratio, but increased total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and acetate contents. Supplementing CCA decreased pH and acetate to propionate ratio, but increased total VFA, acetate and propionate contents. Rumen protease and carboxymethyl-cellulase activities and fungi, bacteria and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens numbers increased for BI or CCA supply. In addition, protozoa increased for BI addition, and protease activity and Prevotella ruminicola increased for CCA supply. When CCA was supplemented, positive responses of R. albus and Ruminobacter amylophilus numbers to BI addition were enhanced. Blood glucose concentration was unchanged with BI supply, but increased for CCA supply. Blood nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate contents reduced with BI or CCA supply. Supplementation with BI or CCA increased blood BI or CA content. The results showed that supplementing BI or/and CCA improved lactation performance and nutrient digestion, and CCA supply did not enhance the lactation performance response to BI supply. © 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of addiction is increasing in the world. Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) can be associated with severe stress and mild to moderate depressive symptoms. Vitamins and minerals are commonly found in multivitamins seem to improve mood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of multivitamins on anxiety and depression in patients undergoing MMT in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. METHODS: The study was designed as a double-blind, randomized controlled trial and involved 70 male MMT patients over the age of 18. Participants were randomized to one of two groups, either those receiving multivitamins or those receiving a placebo for 12 weeks. The multivitamin capsule included vitamin E, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, C, biotin, folic acid, and zinc. Anxiety and depression were measured using standard questionnaires, before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The between-group comparison (i.e., intervention vs. placebo) indicated there was no significant difference in anxiety scores; however, there was a significant between-group difference in depression scores, favoring the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: Multivitamin supplementation improved depression but did not have a significant impact on anxiety in patients undergoing MMT.

BACKGROUND: This non-randomized intervention study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing infant formula with biotin on biotin metabolism and on development. METHODS: We enrolled healthy Japanese infants (n = 84) and assigned them to groups offered Formula A (total biotin, 0.5 μg/100 kcal) or Formula B (total biotin, 2.4 μg/100 kcal) until they were 6 months of age, and completed an additional follow up to age 36 months. Urinary biotin concentrations were measured at 1 and 6 months, and were compared among breast-fed, Formula A-fed, and Formula B-fed infants at each age. In a follow-up subgroup analysis, we compared scores on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, version 3 (ASQ-3), from 9 to 36 months among infants continuously fed Formula A, Formula B, or breastmilk. RESULTS: No adverse events occurred during the intervention period. At 1 month, urinary biotin concentrations were highest in Formula B-fed infants and lowest in Formula A-fed infants. At 6 months, Formula B-fed infants retained higher biotin levels than Formula A-fed and breast-fed infants. Both differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The breast-fed, Formula A-fed, and Formula B-fed groups had similar ASQ scores at 9-36 months. CONCLUSIONS: Biotin supplementation of infant formula contributed to improving biotin status in formula-fed infants. The results support the official approval of the use of biotin in infant formula by the government of Japan in 2014. © 2022 Japan Pediatric Society.

Gut microbiota are suspected to affect brain functions and behavior as well as lowering inflammation status. Therefore, an effect on depression has already been suggested by recent research. The aim of this randomized double-blind controlled trial was to evaluate the effect of probiotic treatment in depressed individuals. Within inpatient care, 82 currently depressed individuals were randomly assigned to either receive a multistrain probiotic plus biotin treatment or biotin plus placebo for 28 days. Clinical symptoms as well as gut microbiome were analyzed at the begin of the study, after one and after four weeks. After 16S rRNA analysis, microbiome samples were bioinformatically explored using QIIME, SPSS, R and Piphillin. Both groups improved significantly regarding psychiatric symptoms. Ruminococcus gauvreauii and Coprococcus 3 were more abundant and β-diversity was higher in the probiotics group after 28 days. KEGG-analysis showed elevated inflammation-regulatory and metabolic pathways in the intervention group. The elevated abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria after probiotic treatment allows speculations on the functionality of probiotic treatment in depressed individuals. Furthermore, the finding of upregulated vitamin B6 and B7 synthesis underlines the connection between the quality of diet, gut microbiota and mental health through the regulation of metabolic functions, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Concluding, four-week probiotic plus biotin supplementation, in inpatient individuals with a major depressive disorder diagnosis, showed an overall beneficial effect of clinical treatment. However, probiotic intervention compared to placebo only differed in microbial diversity profile, not in clinical outcome measures.

OBJECTIVES: This study will evaluate the main hypothesis that supplementation with vitamins A, B, C, D, and E significantly improves the severity and mortality rate in ICU patients with COVID-19. TRIAL DESIGN: This study is a randomized, single-blinded, two-arm (1:1 ratio) parallel group clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: We are conducting this study in patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units at the Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex in Tehran, Iran. The inclusion criteria are as follows: (1) aged between 20 and 60 years, (2) both male and female patients with COVID-19, (3) clinical or definitive diagnosis (using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test), (4) patients have not participated in other clinical trials, and (5) no renal or hepatic abnormalities. The exclusion criteria are as follows: (1) patients with specific and rare viral diseases such as HIV and (2) patients who have been undergoing chemotherapy for the past month. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Duration of intervention: 7 days from randomization Intervention in the treatment group: Vitamin A 25,000 IU daily Vitamin D 600,000 IU once during study Vitamin E 300 IU twice daily Vitamin C is taken four times per day B vitamins are taken as a daily Soluvit [which included thiamine nitrate 3.1 mg, sodium riboflavin phosphate 4.9 mg (corresponding to vitamin B2 3.6 mg), nicotinamide 40 mg, pyridoxine hydrochloride 4.9 mg (corresponding to vitamin B6 4.0 mg), sodium pantothenate 16.5 mg (corresponding to pantothenic acid 15 mg), sodium ascorbate 113 mg (corresponding to vitamin C 100 mg), biotin 60 μg, folic acid 400 μg, and cyanocobalamin 5 μg] The control group will not receive any supplements or placebo. All supplements are made in Iran except for Soluvit (from Fresenius Kabi, New Zealand). MAIN OUTCOMES: 1. Weight, height, and BMI 2. Severity of pulmonary involvement according to CT scan 3. Respiratory support (invasive or non-invasive) 4. Percentage of oxygen saturation (SpO2 level) 5. Serum levels of WBC, CRP, ESR, IL6, IFN-G, and TNF-α 6. The patient's body temperature 7. The presence or absence of involvement of organs other than the lungs (e.g., heart, liver, kidneys) 8. Duration of hospitaliza

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Although the exact pathogenesis remains unknown, the leading theory is that it results from immune system dysregulation. Approved disease-modifying therapy appears to modulate the immune system to improve MS-related outcomes. There is substantial interest in the ability of dietary interventions to influence MS-related outcomes. This is an update of the Cochrane Review 'Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis' (Farinotti 2003; Farinotti 2007; Farinotti 2012). OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of dietary interventions (including dietary plans with recommendations for specific whole foods, macronutrients, and natural health products) compared to placebo or another intervention on health outcomes (including MS-related outcomes and serious adverse events) in people with MS. SEARCH METHODS: On 30 May 2019, we searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science. We also searched ClinicalTrials.gov, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD). We checked reference lists in identified trials and requested information from trial authors to identify any additional published or unpublished data. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included any randomized controlled trial (RCT) or controlled clinical trial (CCT) examining the effect of a dietary intervention versus placebo or another intervention among participants with MS on MS-related outcomes, including relapses, disability progression, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Planned primary outcomes were number of participants experiencing relapse and change in disability progression, according to a validated disability scale at the last reported follow-up. Secondary outcomes included MRI activity, safety, and patient-reported outcomes. We entered and analysed data in Review Manager 5. MAIN RESULTS: We found 41 full-text articles examining 30 trials following full-text review. Participants were adults with MS, defined by est

The purpose of this randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind trial on 60 healthy female volunteers was to assess the cosmetic effects on skin quality of a food supplement containing special collagen peptides together with acerola extract, vitamin C, vitamin E, biotin, and zinc after an intake of 12 weeks (Elasten®, QUIRIS Healthcare, Germany). To reduce assessment bias maximally and increase the accuracy and objectivity of the outcomes, the trial design was triple blinded in a manner that neither the subjects nor the person administering the products nor the person who assessed the primary outcomes knew which subjects had received the test product and which had received the placebo. The expert grader assessing the confocal laser scanning microscopy images was additionally blinded regarding the time when the image was taken (on days 1 or 85). The objective, blinded, and validated image analyses using confocal laser scanning microscopy showed a significant improvement of the collagen structure of facial skin (primary endpoint) after intake of the test product, while no improvements were found after intake of the placebo. The proven positive nutritional effect on the collagen structure was fully consistent with positive subjective evaluations of relevant skin parameters such as elasticity, crinkliness/wrinkliness, and evenness in different body areas such as face, hands, décolleté, neck, backside, legs, and belly, all serving as secondary endpoints. The test product was found to be safe and very well tolerated. A cosmetically relevant improvement of the facial skin was demonstrated after administration of the collagen supplement.

The purpose of this randomized, placebo-controlled, blind study was to investigate the effects of the drinkable nutraceutical ELASTEN® (QUIRIS Healthcare, Gütersloh, Germany) on skin aging and skin health. Drinking ampoules provides a blend of 2.5 g of collagen peptides, acerola fruit extract, vitamin C, zinc, biotin, and a native vitamin E complex. This controlled interventional trial was performed on 72 healthy women aged 35 years or older. They received either the food supplement (n = 36) or a placebo (n = 36) for twelve weeks. A skin assessment was carried out and based on objective validated methods, including corneometry (skin hydration), cutometry (elasticity), the use of silicon skin replicas with optical 3D phase-shift rapid in-vivo measurements (PRIMOS) (roughness), and skin sonography (density). The verum group was followed for an additional four weeks (without intake of the test product) to evaluate the sustainability of the changes induced by the intake of the test product. The test product significantly improved skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, and density. The differences between the verum group and the placebo group were statistically significant for all test parameters. These positive effects were substantially retained during the follow-up. The measured effects were fully consistent with the subjective assessments of the study participants. The nutraceutical was well tolerated.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biotin supplementation on milk yield and the reproductive efficiency in Girolando cows. The study was conducted on a dairy farm located in central Brazil, between April 2012 and December 2016. Thirty-six Girolando cows in their first lactation were used. The cows were distributed in two treatment groups, each with equivalent weight distributions. Control treatment (CT) cows (n = 18) received a diet without any supplemental biotin, whereas biotin treatment (BT) cows (n = 18) received a diet supplemented with 20 mg/day of biotin during lactation. Biotin supplementation caused a significant increase (p = 0.001) in milk yield in the second lactation, and a trend (p = 0.09) toward higher average production during the three lactations was evaluated. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatments in terms of reproductive efficiency. In conclusion, biotin supplementation (20 mg/day) during lactation for Girolando cows reared in a tropical climate is able to increase milk yield, but does not improve reproductive efficiency.

Biotin, a water-soluble B-vitamin, is widely used as a dietary supplement for hair, skin, and nail health. High-dose biotin (≥ 300 mg/day) has also been studied as a treatment for progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), although the clinical benefit reported in an initial randomized trial was not confirmed in a larger phase 3 trial, and it is not an approved therapy for MS. However, increasing evidence suggests that biotin supplementation, even at over-the-counter doses of 5-20 mg/day, can interfere with thyroid function tests, leading to potential misdiagnoses of hyperthyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disease. This interference occurs in immunoassays reliant on streptavidin-biotin binding, causing falsely elevated free thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4) and falsely suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), with the extent of interference varying by assay and laboratory platform. In this narrative review of clinical studies and case reports, we found that patients with MS and hair loss pathology, such as alopecia areata (AA), conditions frequently coexisting with thyroid dysfunction, may be vulnerable to misinterpretation of thyroid lab results due to biotin supplementation. Several case reports illustrate patients with MS misdiagnosed with Graves' disease or hyperthyroidism while taking high-dose biot

Obesity and overweight are significant medical and social problems, and current approaches to their treatment, including hypocaloric diets, bariatric interventions, and pharmacotherapy, including incretin drugs (e.g., glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists), can be accompanied by the development of diffuse hair loss. This article, prepared following a discussion at an expert council, systematizes current data on the prevalence and clinical and morphological variants of alopecia associated with weight loss. The main pathogenic mechanisms are discussed, including metabolic stress, protein-energy malnutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies.Special attention is paid to the role of biotin and vitamin D in maintaining hair follicle function, as well as to risk groups for alopecia in patients undergoing treatment for obesity. Approaches to the prevention, monitoring, and comprehensive management of such patients are presented, taking into account the need to maintain adherence to the main therapy.This article systematizes current data on the prevalence and clinical and morphological variants of alopecia associated with weight loss. It examines the main pathogenic mechanisms, including metabolic stress, protein-energy malnutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies. Special attention is paid to the role of biotin and vitamin D in maintaining hair follicle function, as well as to risk groups for alopecia in patient

INTRODUCTION: Nail growth disorders may lead to functional limitations and cosmetic distress, yet evidence-based therapeutic options remain limited. Minoxidil, a vasodilatory agent widely used for androgenetic alopecia, has been proposed as a potential treatment to enhance nail growth because of its proliferative and vascular effects. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy and safety of topical minoxidil for promoting nail growth in both healthy individuals and patients with nail growth disorders. METHODS: The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Comprehensive searches of PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Wiley, Google Scholar, and EBSCO identified eligible human studies reporting quantitative nail growth outcomes. RESULTS: Three studies, including one randomized controlled trial and two non-randomized studies, met the inclusion criteria. Topical minoxidil was associated with increased nail growth compared with placebo or untreated controls. In healthy participants, twice-daily application of 5% topical minoxidil increased the mean nail growth rate from 3.91 mm/month to 4.27 mm/month after 1 month (p = 0.003). In patients with pathological nail arrest (onychomadesis), a 5% minoxidil formulation combined with vitamin E achieved an 81% clinical response rate

Chronic stress commonly precipitates telogen effluvium (TE), but sustained stress can further induce follicular miniaturization and fibrosis. Thus, stress-induced alopecia may be considered a pathological continuum that progresses from TE to fibrotic follicular degeneration. Stress-induced alopecia involves multiple pathological mechanisms including follicular fibrosis, miniaturization and hair thinning. Currently, there is a lack of systematic therapeutic approaches targeting its multi-target pathological processes. This study proposes a novel combination strategy (EBP: EGCG, Biotin and Pal-GHK) designed to synergistically modulate the TGF-β/Smad and BMP signaling pathways to target key pathological processes in stress-induced alopecia. Through molecular docking, cell co-culture experiments, animal models and microbial interaction analysis, the EBP combination was systematically evaluated for its effects in inhibiting follicular fibrosis, promoting follicular regeneration and enhancing keratin synthesis. The results demonstrated that EBP effectively inhibited TGF-β/Smad pathway and activated BMP pathway. In the stress-induced fibrotic alopecia mouse model, compared to the Model group, the High EBP group significantly upregulated BMP2 by 2.77-fold, wh

Neurodevelopmental disorder with spasticity, epilepsy and brain atrophy (NEDESBA) is a rare autosomal recessive condition, first described in 2020. It has been associated with biallelic pathogenic variants in the Trafficking Protein Particle Complex Subunit 4 (TRAPPC4) gene. This disorder belongs to the expanding group of TRAPPopathies, caused by mutations in genes encoding components of the transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex, which are essential for intracellular trafficking, autophagy and dendritic spine morphogenesis. Variants in these genes typically result in overlapping clinical features, including microcephaly, early-onset epilepsy, intellectual disability, neurodevelopmental regression, spasticity and abnormal brain MRI findings. Here, we report a 13-month-old affected male born to consanguineous parents, presenting with epileptic spasms and progressive neurodevelopmental delay. Importantly, proband also exhibits hair loss and skin rashes in early infancy. Initial metabolic screening suggested biotinidase deficiency, based on low biotin levels (0.6 nmol/min/mL; normal > 5) and overlapping clinical symptoms. However, confirmatory biochemical and enzymatic studies ruled out classic biotinidase deficiency. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous splice-site variant (c.454+3A>G) in the TRAPPC4 gene, confirming the diagnosis of NEDESBA. This variant has been reported in multiple previous reports, mainly born out of consanguineous marriages. The phenotypic overlap between metabolic and genetic neurodevelopmental disorders in these cases emphasizes the critical role of early molecular testing in achieving a precise diagnosis. © 2026 International Society for Developmental Neuroscience.

BACKGROUND: Biotinidase is an enzyme recycling endogenous biotin by hydrolyzing ε-N-biotinyl lysine (biocytin) to lysine and biotin. Biotin acts as a coenzyme in various carboxylation reactions. Biotinidase deficiency is rare, with an incidence of 1 per 112,271 individuals. OBJECTIVES: Genetic characterization of a 4-month-old boy born out of a consanguineous marriage presented with cutaneous manifestations, alopecia, developmental delay, hypotonia with absent neck holding, respiratory problems, and biotinidase deficiency. METHODS: Biochemical characterization was performed using tandem mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence enzyme assays. Pathogenic genetic variant was identified by Sanger sequencing of the BTD (biotinidase) gene in a patient and his parents. RESULTS: Biochemical characterization indicated elevated methylmalonylcarnitine/hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine and decreased biotinidase, citrulline, glycine, and ornithine levels, suggesting a profound biotinidase deficiency. Sequencing of BTD gene indicates the presence of a 7-bp deletion and a 3-bp insertion (98-104del7ins3) in a homozygous state, resulting in a change of amino acid from cystine to phenylalanine at the 33rd position, causing a frameshift and premature amino acid termination at the 68th position. CONCLUSIONS: A 7-bp deletion and a 3-bp insertion (98-104del7ins3) homozygous variation in the BTD gene segregating in a homozygous recessive manner in the family, causing truncated, nonfunctional biotinidase deficiency in the proband. This is a recurrent mutation and has the potential to be used as a biomarker for screening patients with biotinidase deficiency.

PURPOSE: Hair fall results from disruption of the hair growth cycle, resulting in reduced hair density, thickness, and overall scalp health. With increasing interest in safer plant-based therapies, this study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a liposomal-encapsulated Sesbania grandiflora formulation 150 mg compared with placebo on hair and scalp health. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted over 180 days (24 weeks) in adults aged 25-45 years with hair loss. Subjects were randomized 1:1 to receive once-daily liposomal Sesbania grandiflora 150 mg or placebo orally for six months, with eight scheduled visits. Outcomes included hair density, thickness, growth rate, keratin levels, hair length, anagen-telogen ratio, hair fall, hair regrowth, tensile strength, nail brittleness, laboratory parameters, and overall hair and scalp appearance assessed using calibrated bioinstrumentation and standardized methods. RESULTS: The liposomal Sesbania grandiflora group demonstrated significant improvement in all outcomes by day 180. Hair density (274.88±25.05 cm2; p <0.0001), hair thickness (9.53±1.28 µm;p <0.0001), and hair growth rate (323.65±61.38 µm/day; p <0.0001). Improvements were also observed in hair length (228.18±43.71 µm; p <0.0001), anagen hairs (61.04±12.44%; p <0.0001), and telogen hairs (38.96±12.44%; p <0.0001). Keratin levels and scalp condition improved, accompanied by a reduced hair fall and enhanced hair regrowth (10.06±1.98; p <0.0001). Hair tensile strength increased significantly (35,086.09±6,374.81 g/m2

Multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD) is a rare, treatable inborn error of biotin metabolism that may present in children in the first year of life with life-threatening metabolic crises. We report a 4-month-old child presenting with persistent seizures, eczematous rash near the orifices, unjustified loss of hair with baldness, and severe metabolic acidosis, initially mimicking septicemia. Urine organic acid investigation showed elevated levels of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 3-methylcrotonylglycine, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, methylcitrate, and lactate that lead towards MCD. This diagnosis remains unconfirmed, as confirmatory testing (serum biotinidase activity and genetic analysis) was not available at our center. Early initiation of biotin (10 mg/day) led to rapid clinical and biochemical recovery. This particular case depicts the importance of biotin-responsive metabolic disorders in the first year of a child presenting with the classic triad of seizures, dermatitis, and alopecia with metabolic acidosis. Early recognition and prompt initiation of biotin therapy can result in rapid clinical recovery. Timely diagnosis is crucial to prevent avoidable morbidity and long-term neurological sequelae. This case highlights the

BACKGROUND: Diffuse hair loss and shedding is often managed with food supplements, yet evidence for ingredient combinations is limited. Our exploratory study evaluated a nutritional supplement (Priorin capsules, Bayer) containing millet extract, pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), L-cystine, and biotin (vitamin B7) in healthy subjects with light diffuse hair loss. METHODS: In this open-label, intra-individual, multicenter study, subjects with non-illness-related, light diffuse hair loss used the product (two capsules/day) for 12 weeks. Endpoints included objective measurements of hair density, hair growth coefficient, and hair loss (phototrichogram), subjective evaluations of hair appearance, beauty and volume (hairdresser-rated), consumer perception and acceptance, and tolerability. RESULTS: In 112 subjects (mean age 32 ± 1 years; 93.8% female), hair density (n = 109) and the proportion of hairs in the anagen phase increased significantly, while the telogen proportion decreased (p < 0.001, week 12 vs. baseline). Hair loss had declined by 59% at week 12 (p < 0.001). Significant improvements in the hairdresser-rated hair quality and appearance parameters (shine, softness/elasticity, strength, smoothness, dryness, vitality, volume) were observed (p < 0.001). From week 2, subjects reported progressive improvement in appearance, growth, and slowing of hair loss. At week 12, 90% of subjects perceived improved hair appearance and growth, 85% reported slowing down of hair loss, and 82% were satisfied with the overall hair improvements with treatment. The supplement was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of millet extract, pantothenic acid, L-cystine, and biotin was associated with reduced hair loss, improv

CLINICAL DESCRIPTION: Individuals with biotinidase deficiency who are diagnosed before they have developed symptoms (e.g., by newborn screening) and who are treated with biotin have normal development. Symptoms including seizures, developmental delay, cutaneous manifestations (skin rash, alopecia), optic atrophy, hearing loss, and respiratory problems occur only in those individuals with biotinidase deficiency prior to biotin treatment. Symptoms of untreated profound biotinidase deficiency (<10% mean normal serum biotinidase activity) usually appear between ages one week and ten years, typically with optic atrophy, hypotonia, seizures, hair loss, and skin rash. Affected children often have ataxia and developmental delay. Individuals with partial biotinidase deficiency (10%-30% of mean normal serum biotinidase activity) may develop symptoms only when stressed, such as during infection. Some symptoms, such as feeding issues, cutaneous manifestations, and respiratory issues, usually resolve with biotin therapy, whereas other manifestations presenting prior to biotin treatment, such as optic atrophy, hearing loss, and developmental delay, may improve but are usually not completely reversible with the initiation of biotin therapy. Untreated adolescents and adults usually exhibit myelopathy and optic neuropathy and are often initially diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Most of these individuals experience improvement in their symptoms with biotin supplementation. DIAGNOSIS/TESTING: The diagnosis of biotinidase deficiency is established in a proband whose newborn screening or biochemical findings indicate multiple carboxylase deficiency based on EITHER of

BACKGROUND: Valproic acid (VPA) is the medication prescribed for the treatment of bipolar disorder, epilepsy, and migraine. It is reported that the VPA treatment leads to biotin deficiency due to the low serum biotinidase activity. Alopecia or hair loss is another common side effect of valproate administration. AIM: The study aims to investigate hair loss complaint in people, who are on Valproate and find the association between valproate levels, serum biotinidase activity and hair loss in persons treated with valproate. METHODS: This two years cross sectional comparative study involving 150 participants was performed at department of Psychiatry of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study group had 75 persons taking Valproate compared with 75 persons in the control group. Blood samples were collected for estimation of serum VPA levels and serum biotinidase activity. Quantification of alopecia biomarker Interleukin (IL)-2 was estimated. Data was analyzed by using student T test, Pearson's correlation, and Mann Whitney U test. RESULTS: The study group comprised of 40 males and 35 females with a mean age of 42.04 (±12.85) years. The control group had 39 males and 36 females with a mean age of 38.38 (±14.42) years. Hair loss was reported in 18 (24%) persons of stud

Congenital biotinidase deficiency (CBD) is an uncommon inborn error of metabolism (IEM) that frequently manifests in infancy. Clinical manifestations vary from alopecia rash to severe neurological features like hypotonia, seizures, and developmental delay. Typical imaging manifestations will have symmetric restricted diffusion in the corona radiata, perirolandic white matter, posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC), parieto-occipital grey matter, brainstem, middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), and splenium of the corpus callosum. Early diagnosis is essential because early treatment may reduce or prevent the severity of this disease. Herein, we report a case of CBD presented with breathlessness, alopecia, and hearing loss with typical imaging features, reversed with biotin supplementation in a six-year-old male child.

Biotin (vitamin B7) is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin that plays a vital role in cellular metabolism. This vitamin is an essential cofactor for several carboxylase enzymes involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, and glucose. These include acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase, propionyl-CoA carboxylase, β-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and pyruvate carboxylase, each of which catalyzes reactions necessary for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Biotin deficiency is rare in the general population due to its presence in various dietary sources, including eggs, nuts, legumes, and certain vegetables, and its endogenous synthesis by intestinal microbiota. However, deficiency may occur in specific at-risk groups, including individuals receiving long-term antibiotic therapy (which disrupts intestinal flora), chronic anticonvulsant therapy (which alters biotin metabolism), or total parenteral nutrition without adequate supplementation. Clinically, biotin deficiency develops gradually and initially presents with nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, hair thinning or alopecia, and eczematous skin rashes. If left untreated, the deficiency may progress to neurologic manifestations, including paresthesias, peripheral neuropathy, myalgias, and, in severe cases, cognitive impairment or seizures. Due to these findings' subtle and variable nature, diagnosis is often delayed or overlooked. While biotin supplements are widely marketed for hair, skin, and nail health, limited clinical evidence supports their use in individuals without a documented deficiency. Moreover, high-dose biotin supplementation has been shown to interfere with immunoassays, particularly those measuring thyroid hormones and cardiac biomarkers (eg, troponins), which may result in false-positive or false-negative results and lead to inappropriate diagnostic or therapeutic decisions.

14. JAAD Case Rep. 2025 Jun 30;63:115-117. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2025.05.040. eCollection 2025 Sep. Supratherapeutic vitamin D with a hair nutraceutical: A case report. Brinks AL(1), Needle CD(1), Kearney C(1), Shapiro J(1), Lo Sicco KI(1). Author information: (1)The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2025.05.040 PMCID: PMC12336639 PMID: 40791753 Conflict of interest statement: None disclosed.