Elastin

Background Ageing is a degenerative process that affects the entire body. Skin ageing is characterised by a decrease in the levels of collagen, elastin fibre, and hyaluronic acid (HA), resulting in a loss of skin elasticity and hydration. Prior studies suggest that oral collagen supplements can help increase collagen, elastin, and HA levels, ultimately improving skin health. Objective To assess the impact of collagen-based supplements on the signs of skin ageing and determine the effective dosage. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis utilized PubMed, Clinical Key, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies published from 2010 to 2021. It includes ten randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 646 participants. Results The findings indicate that collagen supplements were statistically effective in increasing skin hydration (SMD 1.25 (CI: 0.77-1.74)) and elasticity (SMD 0.61 (CI: 0.21-1.02)). The most commonly administered dose was 4 g/day, with a median dose of 3.5 g/ day. Limitations Most of the studies could not control for weather-related factors. The findings are more applicable to females. Moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 55.5-56.5%) may limit generalisability. The risk of bias was generally unclear, and publication bias could not be assessed due to the small number of studies. Conclusion Oral administration of collagen supplement in a dose ranging from 1-10 g/day was statistically effective in increasing the skin hydration and elasticity.

BACKGROUND: Preconditioning of skin prior to procedures with the Alastin TriHex Technology has been demonstrated to enhance procedure outcomes. Alastin Regenerating Skin Nectar with TriHex Technology Serum (Alastin Skincare Inc. Carlsbad, CA) has undergone reformulation to include an added Octapeptide-45 for improving post-surgical outcomes and healing through pre-conditioning. A 5-week clinical trial was conducted to demonstrate efficacy and safety for post-surgical skin wound healing (following pre-conditioning), and overall skin health. In particular, molecular and cellular changes were documented, histologically comparing the treated side against the vehicle on the opposite side. METHODS: A randomized, double-blinded, split-face, comparative study was conducted in 5 patients to evaluate the effects of pre-conditioning with a TriHex Technology Serum 2.0 (Nectar 2.0) compared to vehicle in subjects undergoing elective facelift surgery. Patient questionnaires and investigator assessments were undertaken, and baseline biopsies were taken from both sides 4 weeks prior to surgery. Following the facelift surgery, collected skin samples from each side of the face were analyzed for histological changes comparing pre (screening) and post (4 weeks) of pre-conditioning use of study topicals by an independent dermatopathologist using multiple staining techniques. RESULTS: Investigator assessment with facial aesthetic clinical grading scale demonstrated greater improvements for the Nectar 2.0 treatment side compared to vehicle at Day 7 from screening for all assessed parameters: skin dullness, fine lines, tactile roughness, global photodamage. Investigator healing assessments demonstrated improved Healing on the Nectar 2.0 treatment side compared to vehicle, related to erythema, edema, and crusting parameters. Histological differences between the two sides were significant with major changes in extracellular matrix composition involving collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid production and reversal of solar elastosis, all Evident only on the Nectar 2.0 treated side. CONCLUSION: A randomized, double-blinded, split-face, comparative study with Alastin Regenerating Skin Necta

Skin aging is characterized by the deterioration of collagen and elastin in the dermis, leading to wrinkles, dryness, and pigmentation irregularities. Porcine placenta peptides (Placenderm®, hereinafter PPP), a bioactive ingredient commonly used in complementary functional foods and rich in collagen and growth factors, have demonstrated regenerative properties that may counteract these aging effects. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral PPP supplementation in improving signs of skin aging. Ninety participants aged 35-60 with dry skin and visible periorbital wrinkles were randomly assigned to receive either PPP or a placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. Skin parameters, including wrinkle depth, hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), elasticity, pigmentation, and gloss, were assessed at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Compared to the placebo group, the PPP group showed significant reductions in wrinkle depth, melanin index, erythema index, and TEWL, alongside notable improvements in skin hydration, elasticity, and gloss. Importantly, no adverse events were reported, and investigator evaluations supported the objective findings. Taken together, PPP may serve as a safe and effective complementary therapy to conventional dermatological treatments, offering a non-invasive strategy to promote skin health and counteract photoaging. Given its origin as a functional food and its role in traditional East Asian medicine, PPP may also be integrated into holistic anti-aging regimens or wellness programs. Further studies in diverse populations are warranted to confirm these benefits and explore underlying mechanisms.

BACKGROUND: Premature skin aging and the growing incidence of skin conditions are closely linked to daily exposure to environmental agents. Among all air pollutants, particulate matter (PM) is regarded as one of the most aggressive in terms of skin damage, promoting degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and depletion of the cutaneous antioxidant defense via initiation of oxinflammatory reactions. Moreover, PM can penetrate damaged skin, exacerbating the effect of other pollutants and worsening the symptoms of existing skin conditions. Topical application of antioxidant compounds can limit and, in certain cases, even prevent skin damage. OBJECTIVE: In the present study, a randomized clinical study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of a topically applied antioxidant serum containing 15% ascorbic acid, 0.5% ferulic acid, and 1% tocopherol (AOX Mix) against the PM-induced skin damage. METHODS: For this purpose, the back of 15 female volunteers, between 19-40 years and with skin phototypes III and IV, was pre-treated with AOX Mix and exposed daily to PM for 4 days. Skin sample biopsies were subsequently collected and subjected to histological analysis to evaluate the key markers related to skin "oxinflammaging". RESULTS: The AOX Mix demonstrated protective effects against the cutaneous degradation of ECM components, including type I and III collagens, elastin, and tropoelastin. It also mitigated markers of inflammation (COX2), oxidative stress (4-hydroxynonenal), and structural damage (involucrin, filaggrin, claudin-1, desmocollin 1). CONCLUSION: Regular topical application of an antioxidant cosmeceutical formulation represents an effective strategy to counteract the detrimental effects of environmental insults, particularly with respect to inflammaging. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of fractional microneedle radiofrequency (FMR) combined with topical antioxidant serum (vitamin C, E, and ferulic acid) compared to FMR alone for neck rejuvenation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, randomized, double-blind, split-neck trial included 31 participants aged 30-65 years with visible signs of neck aging. Subjects underwent two FMR treatments at 4-week intervals. Immediately post-treatment, participants applied antioxidant serum to one randomly assigned side of the neck and placebo to the contralateral side daily. Efficacy was assessed by Fitzpatrick Wrinkle and Elastosis Scale, Global Esthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), and biophysical skin parameters. Histological analyses evaluated elastin production and markers of senescence. RESULTS: At week 12, the antioxidant-treated neck side showed significantly greater reductions in wrinkle severity (29.9% vs. 18.0%; p < 0.001), increased elasticity (12.9% vs. 2.3%; p < 0.001), and higher GAIS improvement (87.5% vs. 14.3%). Histologically, antioxidant-treated areas exhibited increased elastin and reduced cellular senescence markers (p16 and γ-H2A.X). CONCLUSIONS: Combining FMR with topical antioxidant serum substantially enhances neck skin rejuvenation, demonstrating superior clinical and histological outcomes. This approach effectively addresses neck aging, highlighting antioxidants as valuable adjunctive therapies.

Skin ageing is a complex and multifaceted biological process that involves the accumulation of senescent dermal fibroblasts. While fractional microneedle radiofrequency (MNRF) is widely used for skin rejuvenation, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of fractional MNRF in altering the cellular milieu of aged skin and to evaluate clinical skin improvements. Thirty female volunteers aged ≥ 60 years with visible periorbital wrinkles received four consecutive treatments of either microneedling or MNRF on randomly assigned facial sides. Based on biophysical measurements, MNRF treatment improved wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, and transepidermal water loss compared to baseline. Histological analysis revealed that the MNRF-treated sides exhibited increased proliferation of non-senescent fibroblasts, a reduced number of senescent fibroblasts, and elevated collagen and elastin levels, compared to the MN-treated sides. In additional analyses, differences in collagen density and hydration between the two sides of the face were statistically significant only in subjects with a marked reduction in senescent fibroblasts in MNRF-treated sides. Our data suggest that, compared to MN, MNRF induces greater clinical and histological improvements in aged skin, likely by altering the dermal fibroblast milieu through the dual effect of eliminating senescent fibroblasts and increasing the number of non-senescent fibroblasts. © 2025. The Author(s).

BACKGROUND: Postpartum abdominal laxity is a growing concern for women. Noninvasive options like microwave technology and fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser show promise, but their combined efficacy and safety require further investigation. AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of microwaves versus combined microwaves and fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of postpartum abdominal laxity among Filipino patients. PATIENTS/METHODS: Thirty-two patients with Fitzpatrick skin types III-V and postpartum abdominal laxity received three microwave sessions, with one side randomly assigned an additional fractional carbon dioxide laser session (designated as Side B, while the other as Side A). Global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) scores and patient satisfaction (PS) scores were determined at every follow-up. Baseline and completion anthropometric measurements were taken, and adverse effects were recorded. RESULTS: Significant improvements in GAIS and PS scores were noted for both sides across all sessions (p < 0.001), with side B showing superior scores post-CO2 laser (p < 0.001). A moderate correlation between metabolic equivalent (METs) scores and GAIS scores (p = 0.413, p = 0.019) indicated that higher levels of physical activity were associated with higher GAIS scores. These improvements were attributed to epidermal thickening and dermal collagen and elastin remodeling, the latter seen histologically in a representative patient. Adverse effects were mild and noted only with CO2 laser. CONCLUSIONS: The combined use of the microwave system and fractional CO2 laser is safe and well tolerated and is superior to microwaves alone in the treatment of postpartum abdominal laxity. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and collagen degradation and can trigger erythema. While topical formulas protect the skin from UV damage, there is growing evidence that certain botanical ingredients taken orally may have an added benefit. This study evaluated the photoprotective, anti-photoaging, and anti-erythema efficacy of a combination of rosemary and grapefruit extract (Nutroxsun®). Radical oxygen species (ROS) generation and interleukin production were determined in UV-irradiated keratinocytes (HaCaT). Also, collagen and elastin secretion and metalloproteinase (MMP-1 and MMP-3) content were assessed in UV-irradiated fibroblasts (NHDFs). Furthermore, a placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study was conducted in 20 subjects (phototypes I to III) receiving two doses, 100 and 200 mg, of the ingredient. Skin redness (a* value, CIELab) after exposure to one minimal erythemal dose of UVR was assessed. As a result, the botanical blend significantly attenuated the UVR-induced reductions of procollagen I and elastin and lowered MMP-1 and MMP-3 protein secretion. Also, a reduction in ROS and proinflammatory interleukins (IL-1, IL-8, and IL-6) was observed. Finally, the botanical blend, at both doses, significantly reduced UV-induced erythema reaction from the first day of intake and accelerated recovery. These findings reinforce the potential of this ingredient as an effective dietary solution to protect the skin against UV-induced damage.

Background/Objectives: Vascular aging is associated with increased arterial stiffness and changes in the wall structure, leading to a loss of elasticity. Silicon is abundant in arteries and plays a key role in the synthesis and stabilization of elastin fibers. In animal models of accelerated cardiovascular aging, a specific nutritional supplement based on silicon-enriched spirulina (SpSi) has been shown to have beneficial effects on vascular function. The present study, designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this SpSi supplement on aging-related changes in vascular function among healthy older adults. Methods: Here, 120 healthy volunteers aged 60-75 years were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the SpSi group (n = 60) or placebo group (n = 60). Over 6 months, the participants received either 3.5 g of specific 1% silicon-enriched spirulina (SpSi group) or placebo tablets daily. The primary outcome was the assessment of arterial wall pressure waveforms, which included blood pressure (BP) readings and the determination of the aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV). Secondary outcomes included the vasomotor endothelial function through post-ischemic vasorelaxation, measured using the reactive hyperemia index (RHI), and carotid intima-media thickness. Results: When considering the entire sample, none of the studied parameters differed between the placebo and SpSi groups. However, when focusing on individuals with high-normal blood pressure (i.e., systolic BP between 130 and 150 mmHg) and aPWV levels above cutoff values (>10 m/s), the BP decreased by 8% (p < 0.001) and aPWV decreased by 13.5% (p < 0.0001) in subjects receiving SpSi. In individuals with BP and aPWV levels below the cutoff values, no effect was observed. Conclusions: In healthy elderly individuals, SpSi supplementation improved high-normal blood pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity, suggesting an enhanced vascular function.

Hypertrophic scar could be associated with several complications that interfere with patient daily activities, physical and psychological health and impact patient quality of life. Several therapeutics and maneuvers are used for treatment of hypertrophic scar with variable success and side effects. We aim to evaluate safety and efficacy of fractional carbon dioxide laser on treatment of hypertrophic scar both clinically and histopathologically. Hypertrophic scars in each patient of total thirty patients were subjected to random division with sealed envelope into two parts, part A treated with fractional carbon dioxide laser every month for 5 sessions, and part B lift without treatment for control. Hypertrophic scars in each patient were single or multiple, Single scar was more than 15 cm length. Clinical evaluation was done by two blinded dermatologists, using Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) for each part before, 3 months and 6 months after treatment. Histopathological evaluation was done for each part before and 3 months after treatment by measuring epidermal thickness, collagen area percent, and elastin area percent. The upper significant clinical and histopathological improvement was shown in carbon dioxide laser treated parts than control parts without significant side effects for fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment. Treatment of hypertrophic scar with fractional carbon dioxide laser is beneficial and generally considered safe, with minimal risk of harm when performed with appropriate laser parameters for male and female patients with skin type III and IV, at different ages and different body regions. © 2025. The Author(s).

BACKGROUND: Skin atrophy and fragility associated with Dermatoporosis result from chronic extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. A current marketed product, ReFORM &amp; RePAIR COMPLEX with TriHex Technology&reg; (R&amp;R, Alastin Skincare, Inc.), contains actives that aid in recycling the ECM with new matrix components that have been found to be deficient in patients with DP.1 This study evaluates the efficacy of R&amp;R compared to a ceramide moisturizer for reducing acute episodic purpura events and improving atrophic skin associated with this condition over a 24-week period. STUDY DESIGN: Participants were evaluated in a double-blind, 24-week split-arm study. Each participant applied R&amp;R to one arm and a ceramide moisturizer on the opposite arm twice daily for 24 weeks. Participants&rsquo; arms were evaluated at screening/baseline and follow-up visits at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24. At all visits, different assessment parameters were evaluated at selected clinical trial centers including standardized photography, skin biopsies, skin barrier function, hydration/transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements, line-field confocal optical coherence tomography imaging (LC-OCT), and ultrasound imaging. Efficacy assessments were performed by blinded investigators, and participants completed global improvement questionnaires for each arm. Pre- and post-treatment biopsies were collected for histological evaluation in randomly selected consenting participants. RESULTS: Thirty-eight (38) participants completed the study, and statistically significant improvements were seen across all arm skin parameters evaluated after 24 weeks of treatment. The R&amp;R treatment arm achieved greater mean improvements and showed substantially better TEWL recovery compared to the ceramide moisturizer treatment arm. Ultrasound analysis revealed improvement in rete pegs and dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) undulation associated with the R&amp;R-treated arm in 83% of study participants compared to the ceramide moisturizer-treated arm (17%). Significantly improved DEJ undulation and strengthening was seen in the R&amp;R-treated arm, which was confirmed by LC-OCT imaging. Histology revealed

BACKGROUND: Chronic UVA exposure accelerates photoaging by inducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Autophagy maintains dermal homeostasis, but its decline promotes aging. Afzelin, a flavonoid with antioxidant activity, has not been fully studied for its autophagy-related photoprotective effects. PURPOSE: To determine whether afzelin protects against UVA-induced photoaging through autophagy and mitophagy activation, and to assess its synergy with ganoderic acid A (GAA), a triterpenoid possessing established anti-aging activity. METHODS: UVA-irradiated and D-galactose-induced senescence models of human dermal fibroblasts were examined by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. A 20-day UVA mouse model evaluated topical efficacy. Synergy was calculated using the Bliss model. RESULTS: Afzelin restored UVA-impaired cell viability and reduced β-galactosidase, p53, and p21 while recovering Lamin B1. It lowered ROS levels and restored mitochondrial membrane potential (2.8-fold) via AMPK-AKT/mTOR-ULK1 and PINK1-Parkin activation. Combined with GAA (50 mM), afzelin showed strong synergy (Bliss = 67.6 ± 5.1). In vivo, co-treatment reduced epidermal thickness (∼37.3 %), restored collagen I and elastin, and suppressed p53/p21 expression. CONCLUSION: Afzelin alleviates UVA-induced photodamage by activating autophagy and mitophagy. Together with the anti-aging triterpenoid GAA, it exerts synergistic anti-photoaging effects, supporting its potential as a natural autophagy-targeting agent for skin rejuvenation.

BACKGROUND: Retinoids are effective anti-aging agents, but their use is often limited by irritation, particularly in Asian skin. Hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR), a novel retinoid ester, offers similar benefits with reduced irritation, yet its combined use with retinol remains poorly characterized. Additionally, the integration of peptides and botanical antioxidants like silybin into retinoid-based regimens lacks mechanistic and clinical evidence. AIMS: To investigate the molecular mechanisms and clinical efficacy of a novel serum containing retinol, HPR, peptides, and silybin in improving mild photoaged facial skin in Chinese women. METHODS: Mechanistic effects were investigated using transcriptomic profiling in a keratinocyte-fibroblast co-culture and protein expression analysis in UV-exposed ex vivo skin models. Clinical efficacy was assessed in an 8-week study in middle-aged Chinese women with mild photoaging. RESULTS: Retinol + HPR synergistically activated TGF-β/Smad signaling and enhanced extracellular matrix gene expression compared with retinol alone. The addition of silybin further promoted collagen and elastin synthesis. Clinically, the serum significantly improved wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, barrier function, and pigmentation with excellent tolerability. CONCLUSIONS: This multi-active serum demonstrates a synergistic, well-tolerated anti-aging effect. To our knowledge, this work provides an integrated molecular-to-clinical evaluation of a retinol-HPR-peptide-silybin combination, supporting its potential as a potent yet gentle anti-aging option for sensitive skin. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Retinol and retinoids can effectively intervene skin aging process, but usually induce skin intolerance. In this study, we aimed to determine the synergistic anti-aging effects of retinol and two retinol derivatives-hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR) and retinol palmitate (VAPA) combined with ginsenoside CK in terms of preventing and treating the UVA radiation-induced skin aging. We found that the combination formulation of retinol and ginsenoside CK alleviated the inhibition of photoaging proliferation of HaCaT cells caused by UVA, and reduced the proportion of senescence. Additionally, the combination of retinol, HPR, VAPA with ginsenoside CK significantly down-regulated the expression of P53 and P21, up-regulated P63 in UVA irradiated cells, and had potential anti-apoptotic activity. Ginsenoside CK intervention also inhibited the degradation of collagen and elastin by reducing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, and significantly alleviated oxidative stress. Further transcriptomic and molecular docking studies suggested that ginsenoside CK may play an anti-photoaging role by binding to the active pocket of AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 proteins. Zebrafish experiment showed that retinol combined with ginsenoside CK had the effect of reducing skin toxicity. In conclusion, our results show that retinol, HPR and VAPA combined with ginsenoside CK have good anti-aging and irritation-reducing effects in vitro and in vivo. © 2025. The Author(s).

Background: The restoration of collagen and elastin in human dermal fibroblasts plays a crucial role in anti-aging and skin rejuvenation therapies. Numerous studies have examined the effects of various antioxidants on skin health, but there is limited research comparing their combined effects on collagen and elastin synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the individual and combined effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), Niacinamide (NIAC), Gamma Cyclodextrin (GAMMA), Retinol (RET), Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), and Ellagic Acid (ELA) on collagen type I and elastin synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Methods: Human dermal fibroblasts were treated with individual and combined antioxidants. The expression of collagen type I and elastin was measured using mRNA analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and matrix protein assays. The study focused on the effects of EGCG in combination with other antioxidants like RET, CoQ10, and NAC to identify synergistic effects. Results: The combination of EGCG + RET and EGCG + CoQ10 showed the most significant increase in both elastin and collagen type I synthesis, surpassing the effects of individual antioxidants. EGCG demonstrated the highest fold change in elastin mRNA expression, while the combination treatments notably enhanced the extracellular matrix restoration in HDFs. Conclusion: The combination of EGCG with CoQ10, Retinol, or NAC presents a promising strategy for enhancing skin elasticity and firmness by promoting both elastin and collagen synthesis. These findings suggest that antioxidant combinations can be developed for effective anti-aging skincare formulations.

Metastasis stands as the primary contributor to mortality associated with tumors. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are frequently utilized in the management of metastatic solid tumors. Nevertheless, these therapeutic modalities are linked to serious adverse effects and limited effectiveness in preventing metastasis. Here, we report a novel therapeutic strategy named starvation-immunotherapy, wherein an immune checkpoint inhibitor is combined with an ultra-long-acting L-asparaginase that is a fusion protein comprising L-asparaginase (ASNase) and an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), termed ASNase-ELP. ASNase-ELP's thermosensitivity enables it to generate an in-situ depot following an intratumoral injection, yielding increased dose tolerance, improved pharmacokinetics, sustained release, optimized biodistribution, and augmented tumor retention compared to free ASNase. As a result, in murine models of oral cancer, melanoma, and cervical cancer, the antitumor efficacy of ASNase-ELP by selectively and sustainably depleting L-asparagine essential for tumor cell survival was substantially superior to that of ASNase or Cisplatin, a first-line anti-solid tumor medicine, without any observable adverse effects. Furthermore, the combination of ASNase-ELP and an immune checkpoint inhibitor was more effective than either therapy alone in impeding melanoma metastasis. Overall, the synergistic strategy of starvation-immunotherapy holds excellent promise in reshaping the therapeutic landscape of refractory metastatic tumors and offering a new alternative for next-generation oncology treatments.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Liliaceae family) is a well-known traditional medicinal plant, that has been used to treat a variety of illnesses, for decades ranging from cancer to skin disorders including wounds. It has been included in the traditional and herbal healthcare systems of many cultures around the world, as well as the pharmacopeia of different countries. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have also confirmed its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing activities, etc. in the consistency of its historical and traditional uses. However, most studies to date are based on the A. vera gel and latex including its wound-healing effects. Very few studies have been focused on its flower, and rarely with its effects on cutaneous wound healing and its molecular mechanism. AIM OF THE STUDY: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the synergistic effect of the A. vera flower (AVF) and Aloe gel (PAG) on cutaneous wound-healing, as well as revealing its molecular mechanism targeting microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4 (MFAP4) and its associated signaling pathway. METHODS: To investigate the synergistic effect of A. vera flower and Aloe gel in cutaneous wound healing, cell viability, and cell migration, as well proliferation assay was performed. This was followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses in wounded conditions to check the effects of this mixture on protein and mRNA levels in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells. Moreover, small interfering RNA (siRNA) -mediated knockdown of MFAP4 in NHDF cells was performed followed by migration assay and cell cycle analysis, to confirm its role in cutaneous wound healing. Additionally, HaCaT cells were included in this study to evaluate its migratory and anti-inflammatory effects. RESULTS: Based on our obtained results, the PAG and AVF mixture synergistically induced the proliferation, migration, and especially ECM formation of NHDF cells by enhancing the expression of MFAP4. Other extracellular components associated with MFAP4 signaling pathway, such as fibrillin, collagen, elastin, TGF β, and

BACKGROUND: The loss of structural elastin due to intrinsic and extrinsic ageing results in the skin's inability to stretch and recoil (decrease in elasticity) and manifests as loss of skin firmness and sagging. While other extracellular matrix (ECM) components such as collagen and hyaluronic acid are continually synthesized and assembled through life, elastic fibres are not. Elastic fibre assembly and functionality require fibre cross-linking, induced by the lysyl oxidase-like (LOXL) enzymes, which sharply decrease during ageing. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the enhanced elastogenic effect of a blackberry-dill extract combination, which was hypothesized to induce elastin fibre component synthesis, fibre cross-linking and reduce elastin fibre degradation. METHODS: The blackberry and the dill extracts were tested separately and in combination to confirm single ingredient bioactivity and synergistic benefits. Human skin explants, dermal fibroblasts, elastase assays, ELISAs, quantitative real-time PCRs and spectrofluorometer measurements were used. Moreover, a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study was carried out to assess skin elasticity using Cutometer and histologically from biopsies. RESULTS: The blackberry extract induced elastin gene expression, elastin promoter activity and inhibited elastic fibre degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 9 and 12. The dill extract induced elastin, collagen and LOXL1 gene expression, resulting in enhanced fibre cross-linking in human skin explants. Clinically, the blackberry and dill combination treatment displayed synergistic pro-elasticity activity as compared to each ingredient alone and placebo. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results demonstrated the two multimodal plant-based extracts complemented each other in terms of bioactivity and resulted in a synergistic elastogenesis induction. Publisher: CONTEXTE: la perte de l’élastine structurelle causée par un vieillissement intrinsèque et extrinsèque provoque l’incapacité de la peau à s’étirer et à rebondir (diminution de l’élasticité) et se manifeste comme une perte de fermeté et un relâchement de la peau. Alors que d’autres composants de la matrice extrace

Environmental presence and human exposure to heavy metals in air and cigarette smoke has led to a worldwide increase in respiratory disease. The effects of oral exposure to heavy metals in liver and kidney structure and function have been widely investigated and the respiratory system as a target is often overlooked. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible structural changes in the lung tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats after oral exposure for 28 days to cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg), alone and in combination at 1000 times the World Health Organization's limit for each metal in drinking water. Following exposure, the general morphology of the bronchiole and lungs as well as collagen and elastin distribution was evaluated using histological techniques and transmission electron microscopy. In the lungs, structural changes to the alveoli included collapsed alveolar spaces, presence of inflammatory cells and thickening of the alveolar walls. In addition, exposure to Cd and Hg caused degeneration of the alveolar structures resulting in confluent alveoli. Changes in bronchiole morphology included an increase in smooth muscle mass with luminal epithelium degeneration, detachment and aggregation. Prominent bronchiole-associated lymphoid tissue was present in the group exposed to Cd and Hg. Ultrastructural examination confirmed the presence of fibrosis where in the Cd exposed group, collagen fibrils arrangement was dense, while in the Hg exposed group, additional prominent elastin was present. This study identified the lungs as target of heavy metals toxicity following oral exposure resulting in cellular damage, inflammation and fibrosis and increased risk of respiratory disease where Hg showed the greatest fibrotic effect, which was further, aggravated in combination with Cd.

Prostate cancer remains one of the most common malignancies in men. Besides surgical resection, treatments for prostate cancer include hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Advancement of prostate cancer to an androgen-independent state limits the potential of conventional therapeutic approaches. Bortezomib, an FDA-approved proteosomal inhibitor for the treatment of myeloid leukemia, has been shown to have a positive effect on the inhibition of prostate cancer growth. Unfortunately, bortezomib has a very narrow therapeutic window, which can lead to severe side effects. Elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) is a genetically engineered, thermally responsive macromolecular carrier that enables a targeted delivery of the bound molecule because of its soluble property under normal physiologic conditions. In addition, ELP aggregates in response to mild hyperthermia. Using ELP as a carrier, it is possible to improve the pharmacological properties of the therapeutic drug as well as reduce toxicity in normal tissues. In this work, we have investigated the combination treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells with bortezomib and the C-terminal part of the p21(WAF1/CIP1) protein bound to the ELP carrier. We have found that combination treatment with bortezomib and ELP-bound p21(WAF1/CIP1) protein leads to increased cell cycle arrest as well as apoptosis with respect to single treatments. We believe that this approach represents a promising direction for the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer.

37. Arch Dermatol. 2012 Mar;148(3):385-90. doi: 10.1001/archderm.148.3.385-c. Ulceration of abdominal striae distensae (stretch marks) in a cancer patient. Dosal J(1), Handler MZ, Ricotti CA, Vega J, Tosti A, Kerdel FA. Author information: (1)University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA. DOI: 10.1001/archderm.148.3.385-c PMID: 22431783 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

The beneficial effects of a formulated supplement of plasmalogen and elastin on the memory function in healthy elderly subjects were investigated by a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group analysis. Plasmalogen has been shown to exert beneficial effects on cognitive function in animal models and human clinical trials, while elastin improves vascular elasticity and increases blood flow. The levels of plasmalogen and elastin decreases with aging. The supplement containing Ascidiacea (Halocynthia-roretzi)-derived plasmalogen (0.5 mg) and Tuna-derived elastin (100 mg) was administered to elderly Japanese subjects once a day for 16 weeks. The Japanese version of Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT) was used as a primary evaluation item for the assessment of memory. Data from a protocolmatched population (per protocol set) (n=123) were analyzed. A comparison of mean difference between the baseline and evaluation points in cognition function in RBMT showed significantly higher scores for the categories of "first name" and "face recognition" in the test group than in the placebo group. In the stratified analysis of subjects ≧ 75 years, the test group scored significantly higher than the placebo group for the categories of "belonging", "face recognition and picture recognition". The stratified analysis of female subjects showed a significantly higher scores for categories of "first and second names" and "belonging" of RBMT in the test group. Also, the score of "physical functioning" was significantly higher in the test group. These results indicate that formulated supplement of plasmalogen and elastin may be beneficial for improving memory dysfunction in healthy elderly subjects.

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris poses significant physical and psychological challenges worldwide. Data of adapalene 0.3%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel (A0.3/BPO2.5) for acne treatment in Asian patients is limited. METHODS: In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, 49 Korean patients with moderate-to-severe acne and scars were assigned to the A0.3/BPO2.5 (N.=37) or vehicle (N.=12) group. Acne and acne scar severity scores were assessed at baseline and 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks. The primary outcomes were treatment success rate (reduction of ≥2 Investigator's Global Assessment grade and reaching a grade of 0 or 1) and proportional acne lesion and scar count reduction against the baseline. To assess histological changes, 2-mm punch biopsies were performed at baseline and week 24 on the respective inflammatory lesions or scars. RESULTS: At week 24, the A0.3/BPO2.5 group had a significantly higher treatment success rate than the vehicle group. The total acne count, inflammatory lesion count, and non-inflammatory lesion count percentages (against baselines) with A0.3/BPO2.5 and the vehicle were 12.1% vs. 96.7%, 8.0% vs. 101.2%, and 13.3% vs. 98.9%, respectively (all P<0.001). Scar count percentages (against baselines) with A0.3/BPO2.5 and the vehicle were 27.3% and 96.5%, respectively (P<0.001). Significant elevations in collagen 1 and 3, elastin, CK15, and p63 levels, with increases of 172.7%, 230.6%, 176.5%, 286.2%, and 105.9%, respectively, in comparison to baseline (all P<0.05). No major adverse events leading to discontinuation were observed. CONCLUSIONS: A0.3/BPO2.5 was an effective and safe treatment for acne and acne scars in Asian patients supported by robust histopathological and immunohistochemical evidence.

BACKGROUND: Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that the elastin peptide improves the skin's biophysical properties, enhancing the proliferation of fibroblasts and elastin synthesis, resulting in anti-aging properties. Therefore, we conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to clinically evaluate the effect of elastin peptide intake on human skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy adult participants (N = 100) were randomly assigned to receive a test product containing 100 mg of Bonito elastin peptide (VGPG Elastin® ) or placebo. In this study, all participants were Asian from Korea. The parameters of skin wrinkles, hydration, and brightening (melanin index) were measured at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after intervention. RESULTS: The average skin roughness, maximum peak-to-valley values, maximum peak height of the wrinkle, maximum valley depth of the wrinkle, average maximum height of the wrinkle, and eye wrinkle volume improved considerably in the test group compared with the placebo after 12 weeks of intervention. Skin hydration was enhanced, and the melanin index was significantly lower in the test group than in the placebo group. No participant experienced adverse events related to the test product. CONCLUSION: Oral consumption of Bonito elastin peptide (VGPG Elastin®) reduced fine wrinkles, enhanced skin moisture, and decreased melanin index without significant adverse effects and may be a promising anti-wrinkle, anti-dryness, and anti-pigmentation treatment. © 2024 The Authors. Skin Research and Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

BACKGROUND: A new multisource phase-controlled radiofrequency (MPCRF) device is widely used for skin tightening and rejuvenation in Asia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of MPCRF objectively and histologically. METHODS: An MPCRF device with real-time impedance control was evaluated. Ten Japanese patients were treated one side of the face, and the untreated side served as a control. Three-dimensional (3-D) imaging was performed to evaluate the posttreatment volume change. An independent observer assessed the 3-D images. Histologic evaluations of elastin were performed by Victoria Blue staining in 5 Japanese patients. RESULTS: Objective assessments evaluated by a 3-D color schematic representation showed improvement in skin laxity after the final treatment in all patients. The treated side improved markedly compared with the untreated side; however, even the untreated side slightly improved. The elastin density was significantly increased compared with controls in all 5 Japanese patients (p = .0013). Induced elastin appeared to be relatively thin elastic fibers without irregular elastic fibers, such as solar elastosis. Side effects were not observed, and the patients reported feeling comfortable throughout the study. CONCLUSION: Multisource phase-controlled radiofrequency treatments provide stimulation of elastin and skin-tightening results safely and effectively, and thus are beneficial for improving skin laxity and rhytides.

BACKGROUND: Skin aging consists of photoaging and intrinsic aging. It is characterized clinically not only by rhytides, but also by pigmentary alterations and facial telangiectasias. There continues to be a growing interest in the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) devices in the treatment of skin aging, as well as further defining its mechanism of action. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effects and the mechanism of action of an IPL by comparing clinical photographs and biopsy results before and after treatment. METHODS: A total of 58 patients were treated using a new IPL device. Clinical photographs were taken before treatment and compared to those taken 3 weeks after the treatment. Also, 4 cases had pathological analyses of tissues that were stained by haematoxylin-eosin and Uana orcein. Immunohistology of human collagen of types 1 and 3 and quantitative analyses of elastin and collagen were performed by a poly-functional digital image light microscope; a transmission electron microscope was used for 2 of the cases to look for additional changes. RESULTS: After 3 treatments, 62.1% of the patients showed improvement in wrinkles and skin texture. Pigmentation improved in 84.6% of the patients, and a reduction in telangiectasis was seen in 81.25% of the patients. Pathological examination showed that both type 1 and type 3 collagens increased following treatment, but elastin content decreased; however, the elastin fibers were arranged more neatly. In the transmission electron microscope study, the amount of fibroblast activity increased, the fibroblasts were more active, and there were more collagen fibers neatly rearranged within the stroma. CONCLUSION: Clinical and pathological studies demonstrated that the IPL was effective in improving wrinkles and skin texture. The mechanism of action may be through the increasing activity of the fibroblasts, hyperplasia of the fibroblasts, and rearrangement of both collagen and elastin within the stroma.

BACKGROUND: Skin aging is a multifactorial process influenced by an individual's genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors. This process leads to epidermal thinning, a reduction in collagen and elastin levels, and a decrease in skin suppleness. While aging cannot be entirely prevented, its effects can be mitigated through the application of appropriate skincare products. AIM: This review examines the potential of natural herbal extracts in anti-aging skincare formulations, focusing on their bioactivity and safety, which aligns with current consumer trends favoring natural, organic, and eco-friendly products. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed with the help of PubMed and ScienceDirect to thoroughly examine articles between 2000 and 2025. The review made use of key phrases including "skin aging," "herbal extracts," and "anti-aging cosmetics." RESULTS: Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and essential oils, present in plants, confer multiple benefits for the skin, including moisturizing properties, barrier repair agents, antioxidants, sunscreens, and anti-inflammatory effects. These compounds also protect and rejuvenate the skin through distinct anti-aging mechanisms. CONCLUSION: The use of herbal extracts in combination with nano-formulations enhances the efficacy of skincare regimens while improving stability. The integration of plant-based resources, when combined with a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle, can significantly enhance holistic and effective anti-aging skincare. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

44. Aesthet Surg J. 2025 May 15;45(6):638-642. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjae239. Aesthetic Efficacy and Safety of Combined Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization and Calcium Hydroxylapatite Treatment: A Systematic Review of Human Evidence. Amiri M, Meçani R, Niehot CD, Muharremi G, Spada J, Vasconcelos R, Pavicic T, Sattler S, Levin MK, Tuck Wah S, Carroll J, Cook S, Muka T. Comment in Aesthet Surg J. 2025 May 15;45(6):643-644. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjaf020. Although microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU-V) and calcium hydroxylapatite- carboxymethylcellulose (CaHA-CMC) have their individual strengths and have demonstrated effectiveness in aesthetic improvement and improving skin laxity, a combined treatment may sometimes be required to achieve comprehensive aesthetic enhancements that meet patients' needs and preferences. This review systematically summarizes the available evidence on combined MFU-V and CaHA-CMC treatment. A comprehensive search was conducted in Embase, MEDLINE ALL (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central. We included studies conducted in adults that examined the effectiveness, safety, and/or mechanism of action of combined MFU-V and CaHA-CMC treatment. Out of 4019 references, 11 studies, mainly pre-post studies, were included in this analysis. Overall, regardless of the area treated, improvements in global aesthetic scales, skin quality parameters, and patients' satisfaction following combined treatment, accompanied by mild to moderate adverse effects, were found. In addition, histological studies indicated increased neocollagenesis and elastin synthesis posttreatment. Our review highlights promising outcomes from combined MFU-V and CaHA-CMC treatment. Nevertheless, due to the limited number of studies, further research is essential to gain a deeper understanding of this combined treatment's efficacy, safety, and applicability. © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Aesthetic Society.

Dermal substitutes have been introduced in burn care to improve wound healing outcomes; however, their use remains limited in standard treatments. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the outcomes of dermal substitutes in patients with burns and patients requiring burn scar reconstruction and subsequently contribute to optimising the integration of dermal substitutes into clinical practice and reducing the knowledge gap. A comprehensive search across various databases included human studies from peer-reviewed journals on dermal substitutes for deep dermal and full-thickness burns, and scar reconstruction across all ages. Data from comparative trials were extracted, focusing on patient and wound characteristics, treatment specifics, and outcomes related to wound healing and scar quality. Meta-analysis was performed on trials reporting similar post-burn measures, with statistical heterogeneity assessed. Outcomes were presented using mean differences or odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. A total of 31 comparative trials were included. The overall quality of the studies was considered moderate. The meta-analysis indicated delayed re-epithelialization 4-7 days after treatment with a collagen-elastin matrix compared to split-thickness skin graft in acute burns (-7.30%, p = 0.02). Significant improvement in subjective scar quality was observed with acellular dermal matrix compared to split-thickness skin graft in acute burn wounds 6 months post-operative (-1.95, p <0.01). While acknowledging the initially delayed wound healing, incorporating dermal substitutes into the surgical treatment of burn patients holds promise for enhancing scar quality. However, future research must prioritise outcome measure uniformity, address variations in dermal substitute application, and standardise indications for consistent and effective practices. © 2024 The Author(s). Wound Repair and Regeneration published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Wound Healing Society.

BACKGROUND: Vitamins D, E, A, B, C, and Omega-3 play crucial roles in modulating inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, both implicated in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. Recent research has explored the potential impact of dietary supplements on AAA progression. The systematic review aims to assess interventional studies investigating the effects of various dietary supplements on the development and severity of abdominal aortic aneurysms. METHOD: A systematic search using relevant keywords related to abdominal aortic aneurysm and dietary supplements was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science). Quality assessment for animal studies employed SYRCLE and the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool for randomized control trials. The study protocol is registered in PROSPERO under the registry code CRD42023455958. RESULTS: Supplementation with Omega-3, Vitamins A, C, D, E, and the Vitamin B family exhibited positive effects in AAA progression. These supplements contributed to a reduction in AAA diameter, elastin degradation, inflammatory responses, and reactive oxygen species. Additional supplements such as Zinc, methionine, and phytoestrogen also played roles in mitigating AAA progression. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study underscore the potential role of dietary supplements in the progression of AAA. Predominantly based on animal studies, the results indicate that these supplements can limit AAA progression, primarily evidenced by their ability to mitigate inflammatory processes and oxidative stress pathways. Copyright: © 2024 Amirsardari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.